JAMA:卵圆孔未闭相关卒中患者机械闭合后复发风险预测研究

2021-12-15 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在18-60岁卵圆孔未闭相关卒中患者中,机械卵圆孔未闭联合药物治疗降低了卒中复发风险,但不同患者关闭后卒中复发风险降低程度不同,主要是卒中与PFO因果关系决定的。

卵圆孔未闭是一种先天性畸形,25%的正常成人存在卵圆孔未闭,卵圆孔未闭(PFO)-相关卒中约占18-60岁成年人缺血性卒中的10%。预防PFO相关缺血性卒中患者中风复发的治疗策略包括抗血栓治疗或经皮机械装置关闭PFO。近日研究人员考察了PFO闭合对卒中复发的治疗效果。

SCOPE研究收集了6项PFO相关卒中患者随机临床试验数据,这些试验比较了PFO关闭联合药物治疗与单独药物治疗对PFO相关卒中患者的影响,共包括3740名参与者。通过RoPE评分(一种10分评分系统,评分越高患者血管危险因素越少,PFO为卒中主要因素的可能性越高)和PASCAL评分(RoPE评分与PFO高风险特征相结合,将PFO为卒中主要因素分为不太可能、可能、极可能)评估PFO与患者卒中的相关性,研究的主要终点为缺血性中风。

在57个月的中位随访中,3740名患者出现121种结果。药物治疗组卒中年化发病率为1.09%,PFO关闭组卒中年化发病率为0.47%(校正危险比[HR]为0.41)。模型评估中,与单纯药物相比,机械闭合的治疗收益差异显著:RoPE评分低患者的HR为0.61,RoPE评分高患者HR为0.21。使用PASCAL分类系统分类为不太可能、可能和极可能的患者的HRs分别为1.14、0.38和0.10。在不太可能的、可能的和可能的PASCAL类别中,2年的复发绝对风险降低分别为的−0.7%、2.1%和2.1%。在PASCAL评分归类为不太可能的患者中,与器械相关的不良事件通常较高,在不太可能、可能和极可能患者在接受PFO机械闭合后45天房颤的绝对风险增加分别为4.41%、1.53%和0.65%。

PFO闭合 vs 药物治疗对卒中复发风险的影响

研究发现,在18-60岁卵圆孔未闭相关卒中患者中,机械卵圆孔未闭联合药物治疗降低了卒中复发风险,但不同患者关闭后卒中复发风险降低程度不同,主要是卒中与PFO因果关系决定的,这一分类系统的应用为PFO相关卒中患者的个性化治疗提供了依据

原始出处:

David M. Kent et al. Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects in an Analysis of Pooled Individual Patient Data From Randomized Trials of Device Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale After Stroke. JAMA. December 14,2021.

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