Nat Commun:重磅!3D打印卵巢让雌性小鼠产下健康的幼鼠

2017-05-17 生物谷 生物谷

根据美国西北大学费恩柏格医学院、麦考密克工程学院的研究人员开展的一项新的研究,全新的三维打印(即3D打印)器官如今包括当植入到雌性小鼠体内时能够排卵的卵巢结构。 通过移除雌性小鼠的卵巢,并且利用三维打印卵巢(卵巢假体)替换它,这些小鼠不仅能够排卵,而且也能够产下健

图片摘自: Martha Sexton/public domain

根据美国西北大学费恩柏格医学院、麦考密克工程学院的研究人员开展的一项新的研究,全新的三维打印(即3D打印)器官如今包括当植入到雌性小鼠体内时能够排卵的卵巢结构。

通过移除雌性小鼠的卵巢,并且利用三维打印卵巢(卵巢假体)替换它,这些小鼠不仅能够排卵,而且也能够产下健康的幼鼠。这些母鼠甚至能够抚育它们的幼鼠。相关研究结果于2017年5月16日在线发表在Nature Communications期刊上,论文标题为“A bioprosthetic ovary created using 3D printed microporous scaffolds restores ovarian function in sterilized mice”。

这些卵巢假体是由容纳着未成熟的卵子的三维打印支架构造而成,成功地促进小鼠体内的激素产生,并且恢复它们的生育力。

西北大学费恩柏格医学院女性健康研究所主任、生殖科学家Teresa K. Woodruff说,“这项研究证实长期而言,这些卵巢假体具有双重功能。利用生物工程技术,而不是通过移植来自死者尸体的组织来构建发挥功能的器官结构,从而恢复受者的组织健康,这是生物工程技术用于再生医学的最高目标。”

论文通信作者、西北大学费恩柏格医学院外科助理教授、西北大学麦考密克工程学院材料科学与工程助理教授Ramille Shah说,这项研究的独到之处在于这种支架的结构和所使用的材料或者说“墨水(ink)”。

这种材料是明胶(gelatin),明胶是一种利用降解的胶原蛋白制作而成的生物水凝胶,可在人体中安全使用。这些研究人员已了解到他们构建出的任何一种支架都必须是利用足够坚硬以便在外科手术期间进行处理的而且是多孔的以便足以与小鼠体内的组织进行天然地相互作用的有机材料构建出来的。

Shah说,“大多数水凝胶是非常脆弱的,这是因为它们主要是由水组成的,而且经常会自我破裂。但是我们发现一种温度(大约30度)允许明胶自我加强而不会破裂,从而产生多层结构。在此之前,没有人能够利用明胶打印出这种明确的自我加强的几何结构。”

这种几何结构与卵泡(由包围着不成熟的卵细胞的产生激素的支持细胞形成的结构)是否在卵巢中存活下来存在着直接的关联。这也是这项研究的重大发现之一。

Shah说,“这是首次证实这种支架结构在卵泡存活中发挥着重要作用。如果我们不使用一种三维打印平台,那么我们就不能够做到这一点。”

这种三维打印“支架”被移植到雌性体内,它的多孔性能够被用来优化卵泡或者未成熟的卵子如何进入这种支架内部。这种支架促进小鼠的未成熟的卵细胞和产生激素的支持细胞存活。这种多孔结构也给这些卵细胞成熟、排卵以及血管在这种移植的支架内形成提供空间。这些血管能够让产生的激素在小鼠血液中循环流通,并且在产仔后促进乳汁产生。

对一些女性而言,基因突变、卵巢疾病或者利用放疗或化疗治疗癌症会破坏她们的卵巢功能,从而让她们丧失了当妈妈的机会。这项研究有望在未来为利用三维打印构建出人类卵巢支架铺平道路。

原始出处:

Monica M. Laronda, Alexandra L. Rutz, Shuo Xiao et al. A bioprosthetic ovary created using 3D printed microporous scaffolds restores ovarian function in sterilized mice. Nature Communications, Published online:16 May 2017, doi:10.1038/ncomms15261

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    2017-12-03 liuli5079
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    2017-05-19 xxxx1054