Nature.:阿尔兹海默症的治疗希望:关键酶分子结构被解析

2014-12-30 MedSci MedSci原创

Overall structure of the human γ-secretase complex. Structure of the extracellular domain of nicastrin. γ-分泌酶(γ-secretase)复合物,包含了早衰蛋白1(presenilin 1, PS1)、PEN-2、APH-1和招募亚基nicastrin,是一种通过清除底物的方式控制

Overall structure of the human γ-secretase complex.

Structure of the extracellular domain of nicastrin.

γ-分泌酶(γ-secretase)复合物,包含了早衰蛋白1(presenilin 1, PS1)、PEN-2、APH-1和招募亚基nicastrin,是一种通过清除底物的方式控制多种细胞重要功能的膜嵌入蛋白酶。淀粉样前提蛋白(amyloid precursor protein, APP)的异常清除会导致淀粉样蛋白-β(amyloid-β)在脑部堆积,并最终导致阿尔兹海默症的发生。

作者利用低温电子显微镜技术(cryo-electron-microscopy)单颗粒分析法,在4.5 A分辨率下成功解析了完整的人类γ-分泌酶复合物的三维结构。整个γ-分泌酶复合物含有1个马蹄形跨膜结构域,该结构域包含了19个穿膜片段(transmembrane segments, TMs);还含有1个nicastrin形成的巨大的胞外结构域(extracellular domain, ECD),该结构域正好位于马蹄形穿膜片段围成的空间中。

有趣的是,nicastrin的胞外结构域在结构上与谷氨酸羧肽酶PSMA等肽酶家族成员结构上很相似。γ-分泌酶的结构为进一步了解该蛋白功能与机制奠定了一定基础。

原始出处

Lu P1, Bai XC2, Ma D1, Xie T3, Yan C4, Sun L3, Yang G4, Zhao Y3, Zhou R3, Scheres SH5, Shi Y3.Three-dimensional structure of human γ-secretase.Nature. 2014 Aug 14

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    2015-06-20 hongbochen
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    2015-07-12 liye789132251
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