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Nature：突变MHC II类抗原表位驱动癌症治疗的免疫反应

2015-04-23 佚名 生物谷

抗原决定位免疫反应癌症
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近日，来自德国的科学家在国际学术期刊nature发表文章，提出了一种靶向癌症病人全谱肿瘤特异性突变的个体化肿瘤免疫治疗方案。 肿瘤特异性突变是癌症免疫治疗的理想靶向目标，因为它们在健康组织中不表达，因此能够作为新抗原被成熟T细胞所识别。但根据肿瘤特异性突变开发疫苗进行系统性癌症免疫治疗仍存在很大障碍，每个癌症病人都有其独特的肿瘤特异性突变存在，因此要先对其肿瘤特异性突变进行检测，然后才能

近日，来自德国的科学家在国际学术期刊nature发表文章，提出了一种靶向癌症病人全谱肿瘤特异性突变的个体化肿瘤免疫治疗方案。
 
肿瘤特异性突变是癌症免疫治疗的理想靶向目标，因为它们在健康组织中不表达，因此能够作为新抗原被成熟T细胞所识别。但根据肿瘤特异性突变开发疫苗进行系统性癌症免疫治疗仍存在很大障碍，每个癌症病人都有其独特的肿瘤特异性突变存在，因此要先对其肿瘤特异性突变进行检测，然后才能针对性开发免疫治疗药物。
 
在该项研究中，研究人员利用三个不同的肿瘤小鼠模型进行研究，发现相当大的一部分非同义突变是与免疫有关的基因，并且这些与免疫有关的基因突变产物中，大部分能够被CD4+T细胞所识别。根据这一发现，研究人员建立了一套通过外显子测序筛选肿瘤特异性突变的流程，他们通过生物信息学方法，根据表达水平以及与MHC II结合能力不同，对筛选出的肿瘤特异性突变进行优先级排序，快速合成多表位mRNA疫苗，进行癌症的免疫靶向治疗。通过系列研究证明，这种多表位mRNA疫苗能够有效抑制肿瘤生长，具有良好治疗效果。
 
这项研究利用外显子测序的方法对肿瘤特异性突变进行筛选，提出了一条针对抗原表位不同进行个体化肿瘤免疫治疗的策略，对于癌症免疫治疗的发展具有重要意义。

原始出处：

Sebastian Kreiter,Mathias Vormehr,Niels van de Roemer, Mustafa Diken,Martin Löwer, Jan Diekmann,Sebastian Boegel,Barbara Schrörs,Fulvia Vascotto,John C. Castle,Arbel D. Tadmor,Stephen P. Schoenberger,Christoph Huber, Özlem Türeci& Ugur Sahin. Mutant MHC class II epitopes drive therapeutic immune responses to cancer. Nature, April 22, 2015; doi:10.1038/nature14426

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    2015-12-05 陈吴1234

    #癌症治疗#

    0

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    2015-04-27 ms9203727104890838

    #MHC#

    0

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    2015-09-02 liye789132251

    #Nat#

    0

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    2015-04-25 cnxcy

    #免疫反应#

    0

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    2015-04-25 xiaoyeshuang

    #抗原#

    0