Nature Cell Biology:科学家首次在动物体内培育完整的器官组织

2014-08-26 悠悠 腾讯科技

目前,苏格兰科学家最新研究显示,动物体内首次完整生长出新的功能器官。一组细胞植入老鼠体内可以发育形成胸腺,而胸腺是免疫系统主要组成部分。 这项最新研究发表在近期出版的《自然细胞生物学》期刊上,将为器官移植提供一种替代方案。专家指出,该研究具有一定的发展前景,但距离实现人类临床阶段仍需多年时间。 胸腺位于心脏附近,可以生成免疫系统的组成部分——T细胞,它可以有效治愈感染。爱丁堡大学医学研究理事

目前,苏格兰科学家最新研究显示,动物体内首次完整生长出新的功能器官。一组细胞植入老鼠体内可以发育形成胸腺,而胸腺是免疫系统主要组成部分。

这项最新研究发表在近期出版的《自然细胞生物学》期刊上,将为器官移植提供一种替代方案。专家指出,该研究具有一定的发展前景,但距离实现人类临床阶段仍需多年时间。

胸腺位于心脏附近,可以生成免疫系统的组成部分——T细胞,它可以有效治愈感染。爱丁堡大学医学研究理事会再生医学中心的科学家负责这项研究,他们从老鼠胚胎细胞培育开始。

T细胞可以基因“重编程”,并转变成为胸腺中的一种细胞类型,之后它们与其它具有支撑作用的细胞混合在一起。一旦这些细胞植入老鼠体内,将发育形成功能齐全的胸腺。

这类似于2013年的一项研究成果,科学家在实验室成功培育人类大脑,相当于发育9周大小的胎儿。胸腺是一种非常简单的器官,在实验中老鼠培育的胸腺具有完全功能性,从结构上它包含两个主要部分——皮质和髓质,它们也能够生成T细胞。

研究小组成员克莱尔-布莱克本(Clare Blackburn)博士说:“当研究小组实验成功时,对于我们而言是一个巨大的惊喜!我们使用一种非常简单的方法,从重新编程细胞开始,最终培育出一个功能完全的组织器官。这是再生医学领域的一个发展里程碑,拥有广阔的发展前景。那些需要骨髓移植的患者和出生没有健全功能胸腺的儿童将从中受益。”

增强胸腺的医学方法还将帮助老年患者群体,伴随着年龄增大,他们开始器官萎缩,并形成虚弱的免疫系统。然而,这项研究从动物实验进入人类临床治疗仍需要克服一些障碍,当前技术是采用胚胎,这意味着培育再生胸腺无法与患者进行身体组织匹配,同时,研究人员需要确定这些移植细胞在无控制培育生长过程中不会形成癌细胞。

原始出处

Nicholas Bredenkamp, Svetlana Ulyanchenko, Kathy Emma O’Neill, Nancy Ruth Manley, Harsh Jayesh Vaidya & Catherine Clare Blackburn. An organized and functional thymus generated from FOXN1-reprogrammed fibroblasts. Nature Cell Biology, 24 August 2014

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    2015-08-09 liye789132251
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    2015-03-22 sunylz
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    2014-11-21 zhaojie88