Lancet Oncology:Gilteritinib或能有效治疗复发性AML

2017-06-26 常 路 环球医学资讯

宾夕法尼亚大学佩雷尔曼医学院和宾夕法尼亚大学艾布拉姆森癌症中心的研究人员表示,一种新药显示出能够靶向急性髓性白血病(AML)最常见和最高级突变之一的能力。研究报告发表在《Lancet Oncology》上。

宾夕法尼亚大学佩雷尔曼医学院和宾夕法尼亚大学艾布拉姆森癌症中心的研究人员表示,一种新药显示出能够靶向急性髓性白血病(AML)最常见和最高级突变之一的能力。研究报告发表在《Lancet Oncology》上。

Fms样酪氨酸激酶3(FLT3)基因突变是AML复发的已知预测因素,与短期生存相关。在首次人类研究中,研究人员使用gilteritinib(FLT3抑制剂)对复发性患者进行治疗,发现该药物是一种耐受性良好的药物,比预想中的临床反应更频繁、更具持续性,几乎完全针对该种突变患者。

FLT3是AML患者中最常见的突变基因之一。在大约30%患者的白血病细胞中发现FLT3突变。临床上,这些突变与侵袭性疾病相关,其通常导致快速复发,此后,目前的治疗总生存期平均约4个月。为了避免复发,肿瘤学家经常推荐最具侵入性的化疗用于FLT3内部串联重复突变(FLT3-ITD)患者,包括骨髓移植。但即使如此,也不能总是避免这种疾病。

对于这项1/2期临床试验,该研究第一作者、宾夕法尼亚大学艾布拉姆森癌症中心血液肿瘤学教授Alexander Perl和他的团队在AML已经复发或化疗无效的患者中评估了gilteritinib(也称为ASP2215)剂量递增的有效性。该团队着重于80mg及以上的剂量水平,与FLT3突变更有效的抑制和较高的反应率有关。研究人员发现这些剂量也与更长的生存期相关。在本研究的252例患者中,67例为120mg剂量,100例为200mg剂量。试验患者中有76%(191例)患有FLT3突变。总体而言,49%的FLT3突变患者显示响应。只有12%的未突变患者对药物作出应答。

Perl表示,FLT3响应率与FLT3抑制程度相关,且在FLT3未突变患者中低得多,这使我们相信这种药物正在击中目标。

该药物耐受性良好。归因于药物的三个最常见的副作用是腹泻(41例,16%)、疲劳(37例,15%)和肝酶检测异常(33例,13%)。这些通常轻度,因gilteritinib副作用而中止用药并不常见(25例,10%)。

现在正在进行一项新的多中心研究,在复发或对初始治疗未响应的FLT3突变患者中将gilteritinib与标准化疗进行比较。

原始出处:

Alexander E Perl, Jessica K Altman, et al. Selective inhibition of FLT3 by gilteritinib in relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukaemia: a multicentre, first-in-human, open-label, phase 1–2 study. The Lancet Oncology, 2017; DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30416-3

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    2017-12-28 minlingfeng
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    2018-01-19 heli0118
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