患中耳炎用抗生素凝胶效果更好

2016-09-16 MedSci MedSci原创

2岁以下的幼儿患中耳炎的风险特别高,约有95%的成人自诉在童年时患过中耳炎,美国约有5/6的儿童在3岁前患有中耳炎,这相当于每年有1200-1600万儿童因中耳炎就诊。 中耳感染,也称为中耳炎,是临床医生为儿童开抗生素用药的主要原因。尽管抗生素治疗通常有效,但它不是一个理想的解决方案。 例如,强迫一个孩子在1天中多次服药并坚持7-10天十分困难。Daniel Kohane博士指出,对一个蹒跚学步的

2岁以下的幼儿患中耳炎的风险特别高,约有95%的成人自诉在童年时患过中耳炎,美国约有5/6的儿童在3岁前患有中耳炎,这相当于每年有1200-1600万儿童因中耳炎就诊。 


中耳感染,也称为中耳炎,是临床医生为儿童开抗生素用药的主要原因。尽管抗生素治疗通常有效,但它不是一个理想的解决方案。例如,强迫一个孩子在1天中多次服药并坚持7-10天十分困难。Daniel Kohane博士指出,对一个蹒跚学步的孩子强行喂食抗生素不亚于一场武术较量。在使用抗生素之后一般未完成整个抗生素疗程时,中耳炎的症状通常便会减轻和消失,此时父母便会暂停抗生素的使用,但是儿童往往会再次患中耳炎。此外,抗生素的使用也会增加儿童出现耐药性的风险。

在当前中耳炎治疗方案中,一个突出问题是由于抗生素不容易到达感染处,因此必须使用高剂量抗生素才会有效。高剂量抗生素的使用为儿童带来的副作用包括腹泻、口腔鹅口疮和皮疹等。因此研究人员希望探究出一种药物可直接到达感染的中耳处,但是研究人员依旧未彻底清楚鼓膜的内部结构。

Daniel Kohane博士和同事研发了一种抗生素凝胶,在化学渗透增强剂的帮助下,可携带药物穿过耳膜直接到达中耳。为了测试化学渗透增强剂的能力,研究人员使用南美栗鼠进行实验。栗鼠的耳朵结构和听力范围与人类类似。 

结果表明,化学渗透增强剂可成功释放大量的抗生素进入感染的中耳部位,治愈率为100%。而使用滴耳剂进行实验,7天的治愈比率为5/8。使用抗生素凝胶的缺点在于会使听力稍有降低,但是减少使用量可提高患者的听力,此外,该药物对机体的风险较低,且可降低机体耐药性风险。Kohane博士表示需要进行更多的临床试验方能进行推广使用。 

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    2016-10-17 刘煜

    学习新液,谢谢分享。

    0

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    2016-10-13 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    总结的很好!

    0

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    2016-10-13 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    分享一下!

    0

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    2016-10-11 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    好文章,长见识

    0

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    2016-09-18 lishizhe

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