美国神经重症监护学会《大面积脑梗死治疗指南(2015)》解读

2016-07-25 杜伟 魏新亭 神经科空间

大面积脑梗死(large hemispheric infarction,LHI)也称恶性大脑中动脉梗死,是导致人类死亡或残疾的重要疾病。此类患者具有较典型的临床症状,相对单一的进程,常常因小脑幕切迹疝而死亡。为此,在美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会(American heart association/American stroke association,AHA/ASA)《大脑和小脑梗死伴水肿治疗

大面积脑梗死(large hemispheric infarction,LHI)也称恶性大脑中动脉梗死,是导致人类死亡或残疾的重要疾病。此类患者具有较典型的临床症状,相对单一的进程,常常因小脑幕切迹疝而死亡。为此,在美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会(American heart association/American stroke association,AHA/ASA)《大脑和小脑梗死伴水肿治疗指南(2014)》基础上[1],美国神经重症监护学会(neurocritical care society, NCS)、德国神经重症监护和急诊医学学会(German society for neuro-intensive care and emergency medicine)汇集了来自北美和欧洲神经重症、神经外科、神经内科、神经介入和神经麻醉等多学科专家,为解决LHI治疗中遇到的诸多临床问题制定了2015年《大面积脑梗死治疗指南》[2]。该指南对提高LHI临床诊疗水平具有重要的指导意义。

内科治疗相关问题

1.体位:

头部抬高可促进静脉回流并降低颅内压,同时也降低脑灌注压(cerebral perfusion pressure,CPP)。平卧位颅压增高,但CPP也随之增加。大多数LHI可取平卧位,但应注意预防误吸;对伴有高颅压者,可取头高30°位(弱推荐,极低质量)。

2.呼吸道相关问题:

LHI常伴有意识障碍、呼吸运动减弱、保护性反射减弱以及吞咽困难,易出现呼吸衰竭。机械通气是肺脏功能支持治疗的重要手段。(1)气管插管:格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)<10、呼吸衰竭、保护性反射减弱、颅内压增高、梗死面积>2/3大脑中动脉供血区域、中线移位、肺水肿、肺炎以及拟手术患者,都是气管插管的适应证。对于伴有呼吸功能不全或神经功能恶化者,应行气管插管(强推荐,极低质量)。(2)气管插管拔除:意识障碍和吞咽困难都可导致拔管困难,而再次插管却可增加重症监护病房(ICU)患者的致残率和致死率。对于不能交流和配合动作的LHI患者,满足如下条件就可以尝试拔管:自主呼吸实验成功、无流涎、无频繁的吮吸动作、存在咳嗽反射且不耐受气管插管、未使用镇静和镇痛药物(强推荐,极低质量)。(3)气管切开:一项针对ICU患者的回顾性研究表明,气管切开可以改善预后并减少机械通气时间、ICU治疗时间和治疗费用[3]。对于拔除气管插管失败或7~14 d不能拔除气管插管的LHI患者可以考虑气管切开(弱推荐,极低质量)。(4)过度通气:过度通气曾用来收缩脑血管降低颅内压。此法虽数分钟就可起效,但维持时间短暂;另外,过度通气可导致LHI患者血管收缩加重脑缺血,恢复至正常碳酸水平后还可促使血管反射性舒张并增加颅内压。故不建议预防性过度换气(强推荐,极低质量),仅在出现脑疝时可以考虑短期使用以挽救生命(弱推荐,极低质量)。

3.镇痛和镇静:

LHI急性期如伴有疼痛、紧张和抽搐,则需镇痛和镇静(强推荐,极低质量)。镇痛和镇静还可降低颅压,便于医疗操作或手术。但为了避免镇痛镇静导致的低血压、免疫抑制、血栓形成、延长昏迷和机械通气时间、药物不良反应等,建议在维持生理稳态和避免患者不适情况下,使用最低剂量的镇静药物并尽早停药(强推荐,极低质量)。

有学者认为唤醒试验可减少部分ICU患者机械通气时间并改善预后,但最近临床对照试验否定了上述结论。对伴有高颅压的患者,此疗法有导致严重颅内压增高的可能。故不建议每日对LHI患者行唤醒试验,特别对于易发生高颅压危象者;可通过检测颅内压和CPP来指导镇静,如出现机体不适则应取消或推迟每日唤醒试验(强推荐,极低质量)。

4.吞咽功能评估和肠内营养:

脑卒中急性期吞咽困难发生率为30%~50%。早期行吞咽功能评估(如gugging吞咽功能评估表)可有效降低肺炎发生率;吞咽激发试验不需要患者主观配合,用于不随意吞咽功能筛查。内窥镜吞咽实验也不需要主观配合,还可对吞咽困难确诊并进行分类。光纤内镜可用于严重吞咽困难且不能配合的患者,可靠性强。LHI患者停用镇静药物、拔除气管插管后应尽早行吞咽困难筛查(低推荐,极低质量)。

有研究表明,早期肠外营养可使伴有吞咽困难的营养不良脑卒中患者获益;而伴有吞咽困难、肠外营养超过2周或不能耐受留置胃管的LHI患者可行经皮内镜胃造瘘术(percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy ,PEG)。指南建议应尽早给伴有吞咽困难的LHI患者鼻饲(低推荐,极低质量);美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS)高评分且内镜提示吞咽困难的LHI患者在ICU治疗1~3周后,可以考虑行PEG(低推荐,极低质量)。

5.抗血栓治疗:

临床试验表明,脑梗死患者发病7~10 d时深静脉血栓(deep venous thrombosis,DVT)形成发生率为11.4%,25~30 d发生率降至3.1%[4]。对血流动力学稳定且不伴有高颅压的LHI患者应鼓励早期肢体活动以预防DVT形成(强推荐,极低质量);而不能活动的患者应持续行预防性治疗(强推荐,极低质量)。短弹力袜可促使DVT形成;长弹力袜不能预防DVT形成,却有致皮肤溃疡、坏死、下肢缺血的风险;使用间歇充气加压装置可有效预防DVT形成。因此,不推荐使用弹力袜预防LHI患者DVT形成(强推荐,中等质量),推荐使用间歇充气加压装置预防DVT形成(强推荐,极低质量)。皮下注射普通肝素可以预防急性脑梗死患者DVT形成,但有致出血的风险;低分子肝素疗效优于普通肝素,也比较安全,推荐低分子肝素预防LHI患者DVT形成(强推荐,低质量)。

6.抗凝治疗:

伴有房颤的脑梗死患者即使接受了低分子肝素治疗,仍有8.5%的患者在发病14 d内症状会继续进展[5]。因此,有发生血栓形成倾向的LHI患者(例如房颤或人工瓣膜置入术后),发病2~4周可以考虑口服抗凝药物(低推荐,极低质量)。由于抗凝治疗有致脑出血的风险,因此早期抗凝需要依据临床风险评估和相关实验室检查(例如人工瓣膜置入术后、急性DVT形成、急性肺栓塞、食管超声心动图证实心内血栓形成)(低推荐,极低质量)。伴有房颤的脑梗死患者口服阿司匹林效果虽不如华法林,但相对安全可靠。对伴有房颤或其他血栓形成倾向的LHI患者,近期不考虑手术时,可口服阿司匹林(低推荐,极低质量)。

7.血压控制:

迟发性脑梗死、大脑前或后动脉梗死都可导致神经功能恶化,故应避免低血压。指南建议对无继发脑出血的LHI患者应保持平均动脉压>85 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),收缩压<220 mmHg(强推荐,低质量)。脑梗死患者血压不平稳预示梗死面积增大、临床恶化,故LHI患者在镇静、气管插管或手术时,应注意维持血压平稳,尤其在发病早期,更应当避免血压波动(低推荐,极低质量)。

8.药物治疗:

(1)脱水药物:甘油可以降低脑梗死患者颅内压,但疗效不确定,甘露醇和高渗盐水比较安全。伴有脑水肿的LHI患者,可使用甘露醇和高渗盐水(强推荐,中等质量)。依据渗透压间隙(不是血浆渗透压)来指导甘露醇使用剂量和治疗间歇(弱推荐,低质量);依据血浆渗透压和血钠水平指导高渗盐水应用(强推荐,中等质量)。伴有急性肾功能障碍的患者慎用甘露醇(强推荐,中等质量)。高渗盐水可增加血容量,伴有心衰、肝硬化的患者慎用(强推荐,高质量)。(2)糖皮质激素:糖皮质激素不能改善LHI患者的预后,不推荐使用糖皮质激素防治脑水肿(强推荐,低质量)。(3)巴比妥类药物:巴比妥类药物曾用来治疗顽固性脑水肿。但前瞻性研究表明,巴比妥类镇静药物不能缓解LHI高颅压症状,却可导致低血压。不推荐LHI患者使用巴比妥类药物(强推荐,低质量)。

9.其他合并症处理:

(1)血红蛋白:理论上,血氧对缺血脑组织的预后起决定性作用;临床中,给颅脑外伤和蛛网膜下腔出血患者输注红细胞可促进神经功能恢复。指南建议将LHI患者血红蛋白浓度维持在0.07 g/mL以上(强推荐,极低质量);同时还要兼顾手术计划、血流动力学、心肌缺血、活动性出血和血氧摄取障碍等因素(弱推荐,极低质量);另外,尽可能减少抽血化验的次数以减少医源性贫血(弱推荐,极低质量)。(2)血糖:高血糖和低血糖都可增加急性脑梗死患者的致死致残率。对神经重症监护病房(neurological intensive care unit,NICU)系统回顾发现,严格控制血糖并不能使患者获益,却容易发生低血糖而增加死亡率[6]。可用胰岛素将LHI患者血糖控制在1.4~1.8 mg/mL(7.8~10.0 mmol/L)之间(强推荐,极低质量),不建议静脉使用糖水制剂(强推荐,极低质量)。(3)体温:低温可降低LHI患者颅内压,对非计划手术的LHI患者可考虑低温治疗(弱推荐,低质量),将体温控制在33~36 ℃,持续24~72 h(弱推荐,低质量),但应保持体核正常温度(弱推荐,极低质量)。另外,应注意低温可以导致肺炎、凝血障碍等不良反应,而复温时有颅内压增高的风险。

外科手术指征、手术时机和手术方式

LHI常并发脑水肿、高颅压甚至脑疝形成,单纯内科治疗预后往往很差,积极的外科手术常常能挽救患者生命。自从Scarcella首先提出了去骨瓣减压术(hemicraniectomy,DHC)以来,许多研究已表明DHC可以显著降低LHI患者死亡率,提高生存率,因此DHC应作为LHI备选方案之一,而不必考虑年龄因素(强推荐,高质量)以及病变是否位于优势半球(强推荐,低质量)。

1.手术指征和手术时机:

DHC手术指征和时机目前尚未达成共识。由于不是所有LHI患者都会出现严重的脑组织移位或脑疝,故预防性DHC可能会导致过度医疗;而患者出现神经功能恶化、中线结构移位、环池受压甚至脑疝时再手术可能延误病情。有研究将60岁以内LHI患者发病48 h内行DHC手术与内科治疗进行对照发现,DHC可显著降低LHI患者死亡率(死亡率分别为22%和71%),但2组幸存患者的神经功能预后无明显差别[7]。还有人将LHI发病24 h以内和24 h以外行DHC进行对照,发现24 h内行DHC可降低死亡率,且发病6月和12月以后的神经功能恢复也明显改善[8]。Dlashaw等[9]认为,患者接受内科治疗后神经功能障碍仍进行性加重,应在脑疝前行DHC手术;Koadziolka和Fazl[10]认为,当患者出现脑疝症状即单侧瞳孔扩大、对光反射消失时,应该尽早手术;徐锋等[11]认为,CT提示大面积脑梗死和水肿,中线结构侧移≥5 mm可作为手术指征之一;AHA/ASA建议脑水肿加重患者意识水平进行性下降时应行DHC手术[1]。该指南建议,为达到较好的临床预后,应在LHI发病后24~48 h且脑疝发生前行DHC(强推荐,中等质量)。对于60岁以上的高龄患者,DHC在降低死亡率同时常伴有严重神经功能障碍,因此,是否行DHC还应尊重患者本人及其家属的意愿(强推荐,中等质量)。

2.手术方式:

去除骨瓣<12 cm可增加并发症,一般推荐骨瓣≥12 cm,有人建议>13~14 cm,甚至达上矢状窦,还有人建议切除颞肌以最大程度减压。其他相关问题(如骨瓣的保存、颅骨修补时机、自体骨或人工骨的选择)还缺乏临床研究。指南推荐骨瓣至少12 cm,而更大的骨瓣14~16 cm可能提示更好的预后(强推荐,中等质量)。DHC手术需要敞开硬脑膜以充分减压,但是否需要使用自体筋膜或人工硬脑膜减张修补还存在争议,切除梗死颞叶组织的临床疗效也不肯定。因此,只在特殊情况下才考虑切除梗死脑组织、减张修补硬脑膜或切除颞肌(低推荐,低质量)。

3.伦理学问题:

DHC可以降低LHI患者死亡率,但幸存者常常伴有严重的神经功能障碍。由于对生活质量的理解还存在社会文化背景差异,故是否行DHC还应充分考虑患者本人及其家属的意愿(低推荐,低质量)。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934804, encodeId=dca4193480496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1072646328c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64632, encryptionId=1072646328c, topicName=治疗指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6732482, createdName=w984445tii, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 05:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954491, encodeId=3df2195449169, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a804404823' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大面积#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44048, encryptionId=7a804404823, topicName=大面积)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Sun Jun 18 11:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083560, encodeId=9da4208356063, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9c9e4607d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74607, encryptionId=d9c9e4607d1, topicName=神经重症监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9dd613, createdName=xxxx1049, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 10:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145362, encodeId=75d7145362d1, content=好文值得点赞!继续关注学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:16:32 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1465070, encodeId=96ec14650e06c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2dea8489010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑梗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84890, encryptionId=2dea8489010, topicName=脑梗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ccf56689148, createdName=karmond, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521233, encodeId=a05b152123324, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cea9e460186' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74601, encryptionId=cea9e460186, topicName=神经重症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9c3611318030, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1551099, encodeId=c8fe155109975, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e2c1e230796' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72307, encryptionId=e2c1e230796, topicName=监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=477814173963, createdName=bioon6, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=94649, encodeId=8ac294649ed, content=了解一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Jul 25 21:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934804, encodeId=dca4193480496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1072646328c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64632, encryptionId=1072646328c, topicName=治疗指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6732482, createdName=w984445tii, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 05:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954491, encodeId=3df2195449169, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a804404823' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大面积#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44048, encryptionId=7a804404823, topicName=大面积)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Sun Jun 18 11:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083560, encodeId=9da4208356063, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9c9e4607d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74607, encryptionId=d9c9e4607d1, topicName=神经重症监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9dd613, createdName=xxxx1049, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 10:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145362, encodeId=75d7145362d1, content=好文值得点赞!继续关注学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:16:32 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1465070, encodeId=96ec14650e06c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2dea8489010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑梗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84890, encryptionId=2dea8489010, topicName=脑梗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ccf56689148, createdName=karmond, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521233, encodeId=a05b152123324, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cea9e460186' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74601, encryptionId=cea9e460186, topicName=神经重症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9c3611318030, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1551099, encodeId=c8fe155109975, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e2c1e230796' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72307, encryptionId=e2c1e230796, topicName=监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=477814173963, createdName=bioon6, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=94649, encodeId=8ac294649ed, content=了解一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Jul 25 21:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934804, encodeId=dca4193480496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1072646328c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64632, encryptionId=1072646328c, topicName=治疗指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6732482, createdName=w984445tii, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 05:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954491, encodeId=3df2195449169, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a804404823' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大面积#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44048, encryptionId=7a804404823, topicName=大面积)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Sun Jun 18 11:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083560, encodeId=9da4208356063, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9c9e4607d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74607, encryptionId=d9c9e4607d1, topicName=神经重症监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9dd613, createdName=xxxx1049, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 10:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145362, encodeId=75d7145362d1, content=好文值得点赞!继续关注学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:16:32 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1465070, encodeId=96ec14650e06c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2dea8489010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑梗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84890, encryptionId=2dea8489010, topicName=脑梗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ccf56689148, createdName=karmond, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521233, encodeId=a05b152123324, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cea9e460186' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74601, encryptionId=cea9e460186, topicName=神经重症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9c3611318030, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1551099, encodeId=c8fe155109975, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e2c1e230796' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72307, encryptionId=e2c1e230796, topicName=监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=477814173963, createdName=bioon6, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=94649, encodeId=8ac294649ed, content=了解一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Jul 25 21:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934804, encodeId=dca4193480496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1072646328c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64632, encryptionId=1072646328c, topicName=治疗指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6732482, createdName=w984445tii, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 05:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954491, encodeId=3df2195449169, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a804404823' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大面积#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44048, encryptionId=7a804404823, topicName=大面积)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Sun Jun 18 11:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083560, encodeId=9da4208356063, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9c9e4607d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74607, encryptionId=d9c9e4607d1, topicName=神经重症监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9dd613, createdName=xxxx1049, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 10:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145362, encodeId=75d7145362d1, content=好文值得点赞!继续关注学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:16:32 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1465070, encodeId=96ec14650e06c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2dea8489010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑梗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84890, encryptionId=2dea8489010, topicName=脑梗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ccf56689148, createdName=karmond, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521233, encodeId=a05b152123324, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cea9e460186' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74601, encryptionId=cea9e460186, topicName=神经重症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9c3611318030, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1551099, encodeId=c8fe155109975, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e2c1e230796' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72307, encryptionId=e2c1e230796, topicName=监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=477814173963, createdName=bioon6, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=94649, encodeId=8ac294649ed, content=了解一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Jul 25 21:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-11 ylzr123

    好文值得点赞!继续关注学习。

    0

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    2016-07-27 karmond
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934804, encodeId=dca4193480496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1072646328c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64632, encryptionId=1072646328c, topicName=治疗指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6732482, createdName=w984445tii, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 05:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954491, encodeId=3df2195449169, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a804404823' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大面积#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44048, encryptionId=7a804404823, topicName=大面积)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Sun Jun 18 11:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083560, encodeId=9da4208356063, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9c9e4607d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74607, encryptionId=d9c9e4607d1, topicName=神经重症监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9dd613, createdName=xxxx1049, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 10:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145362, encodeId=75d7145362d1, content=好文值得点赞!继续关注学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:16:32 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1465070, encodeId=96ec14650e06c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2dea8489010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑梗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84890, encryptionId=2dea8489010, topicName=脑梗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ccf56689148, createdName=karmond, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521233, encodeId=a05b152123324, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cea9e460186' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74601, encryptionId=cea9e460186, topicName=神经重症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9c3611318030, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1551099, encodeId=c8fe155109975, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e2c1e230796' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72307, encryptionId=e2c1e230796, topicName=监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=477814173963, createdName=bioon6, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=94649, encodeId=8ac294649ed, content=了解一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Jul 25 21:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2016-07-27 bioon6
  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934804, encodeId=dca4193480496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1072646328c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64632, encryptionId=1072646328c, topicName=治疗指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6732482, createdName=w984445tii, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 05:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954491, encodeId=3df2195449169, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a804404823' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大面积#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44048, encryptionId=7a804404823, topicName=大面积)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Sun Jun 18 11:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2083560, encodeId=9da4208356063, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d9c9e4607d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74607, encryptionId=d9c9e4607d1, topicName=神经重症监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9dd613, createdName=xxxx1049, createdTime=Sun Jun 04 10:28:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145362, encodeId=75d7145362d1, content=好文值得点赞!继续关注学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 20:16:32 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1465070, encodeId=96ec14650e06c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2dea8489010' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑梗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84890, encryptionId=2dea8489010, topicName=脑梗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ccf56689148, createdName=karmond, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1521233, encodeId=a05b152123324, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cea9e460186' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#神经重症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74601, encryptionId=cea9e460186, topicName=神经重症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9c3611318030, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1551099, encodeId=c8fe155109975, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e2c1e230796' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72307, encryptionId=e2c1e230796, topicName=监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=477814173963, createdName=bioon6, createdTime=Wed Jul 27 12:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=94649, encodeId=8ac294649ed, content=了解一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Jul 25 21:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-07-25 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    了解一下!

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