Lancet Infect Dis:肺炎球菌结合疫苗随访4年对侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病的效果

2015-03-26 崔倩译 MedSci原创

背景 13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗(PCV13)在七价疫苗(PCV7)常规免疫的后增加了关键的血清型,但其潜在的牛群保护和血清型更换是不确定的。这项研究的目的是分析13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗在英格兰和威尔士应用4年后对侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病在的效果。 方法 我们使用英格兰和威尔士的电子报告和血清型侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病的病例的国家的数据集估计2013年7月至2014年6月疫苗和非疫苗型侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病的发病率比

背景 13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗(PCV13)在七价疫苗(PCV7)常规免疫的后增加了关键的血清型,但其潜在的牛群保护和血清型更换是不确定的。这项研究的目的是分析13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗在英格兰和威尔士应用4年后对侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病在的效果。

方法 我们使用英格兰和威尔士的电子报告和血清型侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病的病例的国家的数据集估计2013年7月至2014年6月疫苗和非疫苗型侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病的发病率比(IRRs),与预PCV13和预PCV7基线对比。发病率校正时间的推移丢失的血清型数据和变化监测的灵敏度。一个过渡离散泊松模型被用来估计IRRs和置信区间。

发现 侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病在2013/14年流行病学发病率下降了32%,与前PCV13基线(在2008年10万人中发病率为10•14%,而2013/14年10万人的发病率分别为10 和6•85; IRR 0• 68,95%CI 0•64-0•72)。这是因为PCV7血清型的覆盖率减少了86%(每10万人分别为1•46和0•20; IRR 0•14,0•10-0•18),并减少了69%额外的PCV13覆盖的6种血清型(每10万人分别为4•48和1•40;IRR031,0•28-0•35)。当与前PCV7基线相比,侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病总体下降了56%(每10万人中分别为15•63和6•85; IRR 0•44,95%CI 0•43-0•47)。与预PCV13基线相比,非PCV13的血清型的发病率有所增加(每10万人各年龄段发生率分别为4•19和5•25; IRR 1•25,95%CI 1•17-1•35),这是由于在5岁以下的儿童和45岁以上的人范围内广泛增加了血清型。在5岁以下儿童中,在2013/14年中非PCV13的血清型的发病率明显高于2012/13年度(2岁以下:每10万人中分别为12•03 和 10•83;年龄为2-4岁:每10万人中分别为4•08和3•63%)。

说明 8年来PCV在英格兰和威尔士的使用已超过50%,减少侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病的总发病率。诱导PCV7牛群保护正在继续,而且类似的间接保护从覆盖PCV13的额外血清型发生。然而,由于非PCV13的血清型二增加侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病,特别是在2014年年龄小于5岁的儿童。如果这种增长持续下去,PCV13方案最大利益在儿童中可能已经实现了。

原始出处

Waight PA1, Andrews NJ2, Ladhani SN3, Sheppard CL4, Slack MP5, Miller E3.Effect of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on invasive pneumococcal disease in England and Wales 4 years after its introduction: an observational cohort study.Lancet Infect Dis. 2015 Mar 19.

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    2015-10-15 howi
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    2015-03-28 sunyl07
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