PLoS Genet:SLC35D3可能是人类肥胖症和代谢综合征的致病基因

2014-02-18 MedSci MedSci原创

近日,中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所李巍课题组发现,位于人类6号染色体长臂D6S1009位点旁侧的SLC35D3基因是人类肥胖症和代谢综合征的致病基因。相关研究日前发表于美国《科学公共图书馆·遗传学》。 学界认为,肥胖症的发生与遗传和环境两种因素有关,其中,遗传因素的贡献约占2/3。不过,研究人员虽已发现了一些单基因肥胖症的致病基因,如瘦素 基因(LEP)等,还通过全基因组关联或连锁分析

近日,中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所李巍课题组发现,位于人类6号染色体长臂D6S1009位点旁侧的SLC35D3基因是人类肥胖症和代谢综合征的致病基因。相关研究日前发表于美国《科学公共图书馆·遗传学》。

学界认为,肥胖症的发生与遗传和环境两种因素有关,其中,遗传因素的贡献约占2/3。不过,研究人员虽已发现了一些单基因肥胖症的致病基因,如瘦素 基因(LEP)等,还通过全基因组关联或连锁分析发现了150多个与肥胖症相关的基因位点,但尚未探明绝大多数的遗传病理机制。

此前有研究表明,位于人类6号染色体长臂的D6S1009位点与体重指数BMI紧密相关。李巍课题组通过对有位于该位点旁侧的SLC35D3基因缺陷的小鼠进行观察,发现该小鼠从2月鼠龄(与人成年期相当)开始表现出进行性肥胖和代谢综合征的特征。进一步研究发现,该基因所编码蛋白的缺陷,可导致基底神经节纹状体中的多巴胺I型受体的膜运输受阻,使其信号通路受损,导致运动量减少和能量消耗少,从而引发肥胖症的发生。

令人惊奇的是,这种肥胖小鼠经该受体兴奋剂处理后,其肥胖及代谢综合征的症状可基本恢复到正常水平。此外,通过与青岛大学医学院等临床单位的合作, 上述课题组在2例患有代谢综合征的中国成年人中鉴定出SLC35D3基因的突变,并且发现在肥胖症人群中,该基因突变频率超过千分之五。这些研究结果表 明,SLC35D3基因是人类肥胖症和代谢综合征的致病基因。

业内专家认为,该研究提示了遗传因素在“懒得运动”这一不良行为中的作用,暗示药物可以在一定程度纠正这种行为异常。同时,这一发现今后也可用于对肥胖症人群进行关于该基因突变的筛查

MedSci检索了此前有关SLC35D3基因的研究显示,这个基因编码孤儿糖转运体,能调节血小板致密颗粒,也是Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS)的重要致病基因。Hermansky-Pudlak综合征(HPS;OMIM 203300)是一种异质性遗传紊乱。表现为皮肤、毛发和眼的白化、出血时间延长以及肺纤维化。到溶酶体及相关细胞器如黑素体、血小板致密颗粒的运输异常是一个治病的原因。

2014年PNAS上一个研究成果也证实了SLC35D3在脑内纹状体黑质轴索中,可能与多巴胺I型受体相互作用。而本研究则进一步证实二者的关系,从而推动可能因此而影响食欲等因素。

原始出处:

Zhe Zhang, Chan-Juan Hao, Chang-Gui Li, Dong-Jie Zang, Jing Zhao, Xiao-Nan Li, Ai-Hua Wei, Zong-Bo Wei, Lin Yang, Xin He, Xue-Chu Zhen, Xiang Gao, John R. Speakman, Wei Li. Mutation of SLC35D3 Causes Metabolic Syndrome by Impairing Dopamine Signaling in Striatal D1 Neurons. PLoS Genetics, February 13, 2014; DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004124  

Chintala S, Tan J, Gautam R, Rusiniak ME, Guo X, Li W, Gahl WA, Huizing M, Spritz RA, Hutton S, Novak EK, Swank RT.The Slc35d3 gene, encoding an orphan nucleotide sugar transporter, regulates platelet-dense granules.Blood. 2007 Feb 15;109(4):1533-40

Meng R, Wang Y, Yao Y, Zhang Z, Harper DC, Heijnen HF, Sitaram A, Li W, Raposo G, Weiss MJ, Poncz M, Marks MS.SLC35D3 delivery from megakaryocyte early endosomes is required for platelet dense granule biogenesis and is differentially defective in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome models.Blood. 2012 Jul 12;120(2):404-14.

Lu KM, Evans SM, Hirano S, Liu FC.Dual role for Islet-1 in promoting striatonigral and repressing striatopallidal genetic programs to specify striatonigral cell identity.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jan 7;111(1):E168-77

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    2014-06-06 cy0324
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    2014-07-25 canlab
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