Nucleic Acids Res:发现线粒体翻译质量控制对于胚胎发育的重要性

2017-12-26 佚名 上海生科院

近日,国际学术期刊《核酸研究》(Nucleic Acids Research)在线发表了中国科学院上海生科院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所王恩多研究组与芬兰科学家合作的最新研究成果:“Editing activity for eliminating mischarged tRNAs is essential in mammalian mitochondria”。

近日,国际学术期刊《核酸研究》(Nucleic Acids Research)在线发表了中国科学院上海生科院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所王恩多研究组与芬兰科学家合作的最新研究成果:“Editing activity for eliminating mischarged tRNAs is essential in mammalian mitochondria”。

哺乳动物细胞含有两个相对独立的翻译系统:细胞质和线粒体翻译系统。人线粒体翻译系统合成13种线粒体基因组编码的氧化呼吸链复合物亚基,对于氧化呼吸链复合物的组装及线粒体功能具有至关重要的作用。细胞质翻译系统需要高度的保真性,以确保核基因信息的精确传递。例如,小鼠细胞质丙氨酰-tRNA合成酶(alanyl-tRNA synthetase, AlaRS)的保真性缺失或受损,使错误蛋白质聚焦,进而导致神经退行性疾病或心脏病。但对于线粒体基因组传递的保真性及其体内意义,人们还知之甚少。

在本研究中,研究人员首次克隆、表达了成熟形式的人线粒体丙氨酰-tRNA合成酶(hmtAlaRS)基因AARS2,纯化获得了高纯度的hmtAlaRS。体外研究表明,hmtAlaRS显着误活化非对应氨基酸Ser,利用转移后编校反应水解误氨基酰化产物Ser-tRNAAla;如果编校反应受损会导致线粒体基因组编码的蛋白质上Ala突变为Ser;发现hmtAlaRS C749A和V760E点突变不同程度地破坏酶的转移后编校反应。研究进一步获得小鼠线粒体AlaRS (mmtAlaRS) C744A(对应hmtAlaRS C749A)点突变小鼠及V755E(对应hmtAlaRS V760E)点突变小鼠,发现纯合型小鼠胚胎致死,证实mmtAlaRS介导的编校反应受损对小鼠线粒体发挥正常功能以及胚胎发育具有至关重要的作用。本研究从动物水平上首次揭示线粒体翻译质量控制的重要意义。

该项研究获得国家重点研发计划、国家自然科学基金、中科院、上海市科委等的经费资助。

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    2018-01-12 mgqwxj
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    2018-05-12 xlxchina
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    2018-01-23 wodejia-dayu
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    2017-12-28 ailian1202
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    2017-12-28 neurowu
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    2017-12-26 Y—xianghai

    学习了新知识

    0

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