Drugs Aging:如何改善老年人的药物依从性和健康结局?

2017-03-29 吴刚 环球医学

老年患者普遍存在用药依从性差的问题。2017年3月,发表在《Drugs Aging》的一项随机对照试验的循证评价,考察了改善药物依从性的干预是否也可改善居住在社区的老年人的健康结局。背景:老年患者中,较差药物依从性是一项主要的公共卫生问题,常造成不良健康结局。目的:本综述的目的是提供随机对照研究的更新的证据摘要,从而确定旨在改善药物依从性的干预是否也可改善居住在社区的老年人的健康结局。方法:评估老

老年患者普遍存在用药依从性差的问题。2017年3月,发表在《Drugs Aging》的一项随机对照试验的循证评价,考察了改善药物依从性的干预是否也可改善居住在社区的老年人的健康结局。

背景:老年患者中,较差药物依从性是一项主要的公共卫生问题,常造成不良健康结局。

目的:本综述的目的是提供随机对照研究的更新的证据摘要,从而确定旨在改善药物依从性的干预是否也可改善居住在社区的老年人的健康结局。

方法:评估老年患者药物依从性干预和相关健康结局的文章通过对Medline(1970~2016年6月)、Cochrane系统评价数据库(截至2016年6月)、Google学术进行检索而鉴别出来。纳入的12项研究中,干预主要分为3类:行为/教育(3项)、药师主导(7项)、提醒/简化(2项)。

结果:行为/教育干预研究中,2项研究表明,依从性和相关健康结局有所改善,而1项未发现依从性或健康结局有任何改变。药师主导的研究中,3项研究表明,依从性和相关健康结局有所改善,而3项未发现依从性或健康结局有任何改变。1项研究发现依从性改善,但是健康结局未改善。提醒/简化研究中,都报道了依从性改善,而对相关健康结局没有显着影响。

结论:在大量混合的文献的背景下,这项老年患者药物依从性干预的循证评价表现出了有前景的策略。将来需要开发以患者为中心和多学科的干预,并使用循证原则进行检验,从而改善老年患者药物依从性和健康结局。

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    2017-10-22 爆笑小医
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    2017-06-20 tsing_hit
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    2017-03-31 fyxzlh

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BMC Geriatr:关爱“空巢老人”,减少老人死亡

背景:研究者调查了独立于婚姻,健康及其他因素,单独生活的老年人的死亡率,探索了年龄,性别,婚姻状态及身体功能对患者死亡率影响的改变。方法:应用新加坡纵向老龄化研究中随访2553名受试者8年(2003年9月1号到2011年12月31号)的死亡率的数据,研究者应用Cox比例风险模型评估了单独生活的老人相关死亡率的HR值。结果:7.4%(n=189)名受试者单独生活,在随访期间,227(8.9%)名受试

Atherosclerosis:老年人抵抗素水平较高,心血管疾病发生增加

目的:抵抗素水平和心血管疾病(CV)事件之间的相关的前瞻性数据是相互矛盾的。方法:健康、衰老和身体组成的研究中,研究者研究了3044个年龄在70-79岁的老人。心血管病事件定义为冠心病或中风事件。«Hard»CHD事件定义为冠心病死亡或心肌梗死。研究者根据血清抵抗素浓度水平,校正临床变量,进一步校正代谢性疾病(体重指数、空腹血糖、腹部内脏和皮下脂肪组织瘦素、脂联素、胰岛素)和炎症(C-反应蛋白、白