《重症右心功能管理专家共识》发布:右心功能管理是重症患者血流动力学治疗的关键环节

2017-12-13 佚名 中国循环杂志

重症疾病中,右心功能受累更具普遍性。


重症疾病中,右心功能受累更具普遍性。
 
近期,我国相关专家制定发布了《重症右心功能管理专家共识》,对总体认识、右心与容量负荷、右心与肺高压、右心舒张收缩功能、左心对右心的影响、右心与微循环、静脉回流与右心等7个方面的内容进行了阐述。
 
专家组根据共识条目的理论依据、科学性、创新性、可行性及专家权重进行综合评分,同时对临床相关结果类条目,参考推荐意见分级的评估、制定及评价方法,评估过程基本符合GRADE系统推荐原则。
 
最终综合评分以0~9计分,确定各条目的推荐强度。其中,0~3分为不推荐,4~6分为弱推荐,7~9分为推荐。
 
总论
 
1.重症疾病中右心功能容易受累,易进入到自主恶化的恶性循环(7.67分)
 
2.右心功能管理是重症患者血流动力学治疗的关键环节(7.69分)
 
3.液体复苏是指通过快速调整心脏和血管内的容量,改善组织灌注的液体治疗过程。正向液体复苏是指增加容量,反向液体复苏是指减少容量(7.75分)
 
右心与容量负荷

 1.应用脉压差呼吸变化率(PPV)或每搏心输出量呼吸变化率(SVV)判断容量反应性时,应注意右心后负荷的影响(7.69分)
 
2.单纯容量过负荷也可导致室间隔左移,使左心室舒张受限(7.58分)
 
3.右心的"Starling"曲线与左心不同,正确判断右心的不同状态是进行容量治疗的关键(7.86分)
 
4.重症患者右心功能改变有其自身特点,容量的调整和评估是治疗右心功能不全的重要组成部分(7.85分)
 
5.反向液体复苏时,心输出量增加的前提是右心增大;但不是所有右心增大时就应进行反向液体复苏(7.31分)
 
右心与肺高压
 
1.多种原因引起的肺血管阻力增高均可通过梗阻因素影响右心功能(7.87分)
 
2.临床发现重症患者肺高压时,应首先鉴别是否为重症相关肺高压(7.51分)
 
3.进行机械通气前后及参数调整时,应关注右心功能改变(7.86分)
 
4.重症相关肺高压合并循环衰竭时,应连续监测肺动脉压(7.65分)
 
5.重症患者出现急性右心功能不全时,应考虑肺动脉压升高(7.72分)
 
6.急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)合并急性肺心病时,俯卧位通气是降低肺循环阻力的重要措施(7.69分)
 
7.右心功能管理应关注右心室-肺动脉耦联(7.63分)
 
右心舒张收缩功能

1.重症患者右心舒张功能易受累,应用重症超声更有利于对右心舒张功能进行定量评估(7.87分)
 
2.中心静脉压(CVP)作为右心充盈压力的评估指标之一,可用于评估右心舒张功能(7.23分)
 
3.非局灶性心包填塞的早期突出表现是右心舒张功能受累;心包填塞应注意右心房压力的升高(7.69分)
 
4.应重视过高的胸腔内压对右心舒张功能的影响(7.74分)
 
5.三尖瓣环收缩期位移(TAPSE)是反映右心收缩功能的重要参数,建议将其作为重症患者评估的常规指标(7.65分)
 
6.以右心保护为核心的循环管理是ARDS治疗的关键环节(7.89分)
 
7.心脏术后右心功能受累很常见,应高度重视(7.53分)
 
8.右心功能不全不应作为维持高CVP的常规理由(7.48分)
 
左心对右心的影响

1.当左心室扩张时,应注意左心对右心舒张功能的影响(7.71分)
 
2.右心室收缩力下降时,应除外左心室功能的影响(7.48分)
 
3.右心负荷急性增加时,应警惕新发左右心间的分流(7.44分)
 
右心与微循环

1.应重视右心功能不全所致的CVP升高对微循环血流的危害(7.65分)
 
2.应用血管活性药物降低肺循环压力时,应分别评价其对肺循环和体循环的作用(7.65分)
 
静脉回流与右心

1.右房压是影响静脉回流的重要因素,应注意右心房的各压力构成对静脉回流的影响(7.80分)
 
2.应关注肺水肿形成的右心源性因素(7.66分)
 
3.监测平均体循环充盈压与右心房压力差更有助于判断输液是否增加静脉回流量(7.66分)
 
4.静脉回流阻力常被认为是影响静脉回流的非显性因素,但需关注特殊病理生理状态,如胸腔内高压、腹腔高压等对其的影响(7.76分)
 

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    2017-12-13 狼毒花1982

    学习了感谢分享

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