新英格兰:氯吡格雷和阿司匹林在急性冠脉综合征(ACS)中的应用剂量比较

2010-09-09 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

氯吡格雷和阿司匹林在急性冠脉综合征中的剂量比较研究 Dose Comparisons of Clopidogrel and Aspirin in Acute Coronary Syndromes  背景 氯吡格雷和阿司匹林被广泛用于有急性冠脉综合征(ACS)的病人,以及接受经皮冠脉介入(PCI)治疗者。然而,目前尚未制定这两种药物给药剂量的循证指南。   方法 我们在1项2×2析因设计中,将

氯吡格雷和阿司匹林在急性冠脉综合征中的剂量比较研究

Dose Comparisons of Clopidogrel and Aspirin in Acute Coronary Syndromes

 背景 氯吡格雷和阿司匹林被广泛用于有急性冠脉综合征(ACS)的病人,以及接受经皮冠脉介入(PCI)治疗者。然而,目前尚未制定这两种药物给药剂量的循证指南。

  方法 我们在1项2×2析因设计中,将25086例有急性冠脉综合征,并被转诊接受有创治疗策略的病人随机分为4组:第1组接受双倍剂量的氯吡格雷(第1天接受 600 mg的负荷剂量,然后150 mg/d,共6天,此后75 mg/d),第2组接受标准剂量的氯吡格雷(300 mg的负荷剂量,此后75 mg/d),第3组接受较大剂量的阿司匹林(300 ~ 325 mg/d),第4组接受较小剂量的阿司匹林(75 ~ 100 mg/d)。主要转归是30天时的心血管死亡、心肌梗死或卒中。

  结果 主要转归的发生率在双倍剂量氯吡格雷组的病人中为4.2%,相比之下,在标准剂量氯吡格雷组的病人中为4.4% [风险比为0.94,95%可信区间(CI)为0.83~1.06,P=0.30]。严重出血的发生率在双倍剂量组的患者中为2.5%以及在标准剂量组的病人中为2.0%(风险比为1.24,95%CI为1.05~1.46,P=0.01)。在17263例接受了PCI的病人中,(使用)双倍剂量的氯吡格雷与次要转归——支架血栓形成——显著减少相关(1.6%对2.3%,风险比为0.68,95%CI为0.55~0.85,P=0.001)。较大剂量的阿司匹林与较小剂量的阿司匹林之间,在主要转归(4.2%对4.4%,风险比为0.97,95%CI为0.86~1.09,P=0.61)或严重出血(2.3%对2.3%,风险比为0.99,95%CI为0.84~1.17,P=0.90)方面没有显著差异。

  结论 在有急性冠脉综合征并被转诊接受有创治疗策略的病人中,1种7天、双倍剂量的氯吡格雷方案与标准剂量的氯吡格雷方案之间,或较大剂量的阿司匹林与较小剂量的阿司匹林之间,在主要转归(心血管死亡、心肌梗死或卒中)方面没有显著差异。

  (N Engl J Med 2010; 363:930-42. September 2, 2010) 

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