European Radiology:一种基于机器学习模型的颅脑CT个性化剂量评估

2022-08-19 shaosai MedSci原创

现阶段,器官和组织剂量估计的 "黄金标准 "是蒙特卡洛(MC)模拟。个性化的,即针对病人、针对设备和针对协议的CT检查的MC模拟提供了确定病人体内辐射剂量准确分布的可能性。

随着影像技术的发展,颅脑计算机断层扫描(CT)越来越成为临床最依赖的影像检查之一。在某些情况下,患者可能在短时间内被转诊进行多次头部CT扫描。尽管这些检查是合理的,但会对病人的眼球、大脑和颅骨骨髓造成相当大的辐射剂量。

现阶段,器官和组织剂量估计的 "黄金标准 "是蒙特卡洛(MC)模拟。个性化的,即针对病人、针对设备和针对协议的CT检查的MC模拟提供了确定病人体内辐射剂量准确分布的可能性。然而,个性化的MC剂量测定很难在日常临床实践中实施,且还需要专门的软件包和高规格的硬件才能进行。最近,机器学习技术已被用于预测医学成像检查的辐射剂量。这些技术中的大多数通常使用图像和剂量数据来训练预测模型。

近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究提出一种基于机器学习的用于创建辐射剂量图和预测与头部CT检查相关患者特定器官/组织剂量的方法,并开发了一个用于在日常临床实践中部署和实施辐射剂量预测的深度神经网络(DNN)模型,为临床为患者规划最佳的检查流程提供了参考。

本研究回顾性地收集了343名接受标准头部CT检查患者的CT数据。进行了针对患者的蒙特卡洛(MC)模拟,以确定患者器官/组织的辐射剂量分布。收集的CT图像和MC产生的剂量图被处理并用于深度神经网络(DNN)模型的训练。在训练和验证过程中,分别使用了231次和112次头部CT检查的数据。

此外,还开发了一个软件工具,利用训练后的DNN模型从头部CT图像中产生剂量图,并自动计算大脑和颅骨的剂量。 

DNN模型预测的剂量与MC模拟提供的大脑、眼球和颅骨的剂量的平均(范围)百分比差异分别为4.5%(0-17.7%)、5.7%(0.2-19.0%)和5.2%(0.1-18.9%)。该软件的图形用户界面为辐射剂量/风险评估提供了一种用户友好的方式。DNN的实施使剂量估算所需的计算时间减少了97%。 


图 通过选择 "剂量/风险估计 "按钮,自动计算出大脑和颅骨的剂量以及辐射引起的癌症风险LAR

本研究开发并实施了一种新颖的方法,允许用户为特定病人的CT剂量预测开发一个DNN模型。本研究证明,该模型可以对接受头部CT检查患者的大脑、眼球和颅骨进行准确和快速的辐射剂量估计,并可用于日常临床实践。此外,本研究还开发了一个利用DNN模型的可产生针对患者的头部剂量图软件工具,可实现大脑和颅骨剂量的自动评估以及辐射诱发癌症的LAR。

 

原文出处:

Eleftherios Tzanis,John Damilakis.A novel methodology to train and deploy a machine learning model for personalized dose assessment in head CT.DOI:10.1007/s00330-022-08756-w.

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    2023-03-23 wjywjy
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