NEJM:中国科学家在蜱媒传染病领域连获两项重大发现

2013-09-30 koo 生物360

蜱媒传染病是一类自然疫源性疾病,对在野外从事生产、经营的人群和野外驻训、边海防官兵等存在显著威胁。中国军队科学家经过多年研究,在这一领域连获两项重大发现。 国际著名期刊——影响因子高达 51.7 的《新英格兰医学杂志》(NEJM)近日同期发表了解放军军事医学科学院微生物流行病学研究所所长、病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室主任曹务春研究员团队两篇关于新发蜱传立克次体病的学术论文,受到国际同行高

蜱媒传染病是一类自然疫源性疾病,对在野外从事生产、经营的人群和野外驻训、边海防官兵等存在显著威胁。中国军队科学家经过多年研究,在这一领域连获两项重大发现。

国际著名期刊——影响因子高达 51.7 的《新英格兰医学杂志》(NEJM)近日同期发表了解放军军事医学科学院微生物流行病学研究所所长、病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室主任曹务春研究员团队两篇关于新发蜱传立克次体病的学术论文,受到国际同行高度关注。

曹务春在 29 日军事医学科学院举行的座谈会上介绍说,蜱是“吸血鬼”家庭的最典型代表,可暂时寄生在牛、羊、狗等动物体表,从而成为多种人兽共患病的传播媒介和宿主。目前,全世界已发现蜱虫800多种,中国有 100 多种。

2012 年,曹务春团队与黑龙江省牡丹江林业中心医院合作,建立起蜱媒传染病监测哨点。通过病原体特异性基因检测、序列测定、遗传进化分析和血清特异抗体检测,在世界上首次发现人感染西伯利亚立克次体BJ-90亚种病例。临床随访观察发现,与其他斑点热群立克次体相比,该病人的病情严重,且出现多脏器损害;实验室检查淋巴细胞降低、血小板减少、转氨酶升高,脑脊液蛋白水平升高;用多西环素全疗程治疗后,病人康复出院。

此后,曹务春团队对被蜱虫叮咬患者进行持续的病原监测,又首次发现多例新塔拉塞维奇立克次体感染病人。与其他斑点热群立克次体感染者不同,所有病人均未出现任何皮肤斑点,但蜱虫叮咬处出现焦痂和淋巴结肿痛等临床表现。其中,1 例病人出现严重的中枢神经系统症状和脑膜刺激征,4 天后死于肾功能衰竭和呼吸性酸中毒,提示该种新病原体可引起与已知蜱传斑点热不同的临床症状。

“与蚊子、跳蚤等其他生物媒介相比,蜱虫具有更为独特的医学意义和更为重要的媒介作用。自然生态环境的改善,可能造成野生宿主动物和媒介蜱种的密度升高,以及自然疫源地的活跃、扩大与变迁。因此,蜱媒传染病对人类健康的危害不容忽视,人们应重视其公共卫生学意义。”曹务春说。

原文下载

Na Jia, Jia-Fu Jiang, Qiu-Bo Huo, Bao-Gui Jiang, Wu-Chun Cao. Rickettsia sibirica Subspecies sibirica BJ-90 as a Cause of Human Disease. N Engl J Med., September 19, 2013; DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc1303625

Na Jia, Yuan-Chun Zheng, Jia-Fu Jiang, Wu-Chun Cao.Human Infection with Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae. N Engl J Med., September 19, 2013; DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc1303004

 

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