Neurology:(123)I-间碘苯基胍心肌显像对路易体病诊断准确性的尸检验证

2022-05-01 Naomi MedSci原创

近日,研究发现异常的(123)I-MIBG心肌显像结果有力地支持了LBD和心脏交感神经失神经的存在。然而,正常的心肌核素扫描结果不一定排除LBD的病理,特别是当其他生物标记物提示存在合并的AD病理。

路易体病的特征是由α-突触核蛋白组成的路易体,它包括一系列的诊断,包括帕金森病(PD)和路易体痴呆(DLB)。准确诊断LBD并将其与其他类似疾病区分开来对于患者护理和研究都至关重要。到目前为止,已经开发了各种临床工具来辅助LBD的诊断。检测心脏摄取减少的(123)I-间碘苯基胍((123)I-MIBG)是一种去甲肾上腺素的生理学类似物,已被用作诊断成像工具以鉴别LBD与其他类似疾病。这项测试是基于这样一个事实,即LBD的病理伴随的去神经支配,不仅在中枢神经系统中观察到,而且在包括心脏交感神经在内的周围神经系统(PNS)中也观察到。

已有几项研究评估了(123)I-MIBG心肌显像对LBDS的诊断准确性。然而,这些研究将临床诊断作为评估诊断准确性的参考标准。尽管当前诊断生物标记物不断发展,神经病理学确认仍然是LBD诊断的金标准。一些病理学研究已经强调了LBDS和类似的神经退行性疾病的临床诊断和死后病理诊断之间的差异。因此,需要对照金标准验证(123)I-MIBG心肌闪烁显像的诊断准确性。

近日,有研究人员基于大型尸检病例,确定了(123)I-MIBG心肌显像在鉴别LBD和类似疾病方面的诊断准确性。此外,还进行了神经病理学调查,以检查导致(123)I-MIBG心肌显像结果假阳性或假阴性的因素。

这项回顾的横断面研究包括来自老龄研究脑库的连续尸检患者,他们接受了123I-MIBG心肌核素扫描。我们将(123)I-MIBG心肌显像结果与尸检结果进行比较。此外,研究了左心室前壁残留的酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)免疫反应阳性交感纤维的比例,以评估心脏交感神经可能导致LBDS摄取(123)I-MIBG减少的情况。

  • 研究分析了56例患者资料,其中30例经病理证实为LBDS,26例无LBD病理改变。
  • 与神经病理诊断比较,早期心脏-纵隔(H/M)比值的敏感性和特异性分别为70.0%(95%CI 50.6%~85.3%)和96.2%(95%CI 80.4%~99.9%)。
  • 延迟H/M比值的敏感性和特异性分别为80.0%(95%CI 61.4%~92.3%)和92.3%(95%CI 74.9%~99.1%)。
  • 洗脱率的敏感性和特异性分别为80.0%(95%CI 61.4%~92.3%)和84.6%(95%CI 65.1%~95.6%)。
  • 当用早期和延迟的H/M比值评估时,残留的TH免疫阳性交感纤维的比例与心脏摄取~(123)I-MIBG的量密切相关(相关系数分别为0.75和0.81;p<0。0 0 1)

这项临床病理验证研究表明,(123)I-MIBG心肌显像可以有效地将LBDS与类似的疾病区分开来。异常的(123)I-MIBG心肌显像结果有力地支持了LBD和心脏交感神经失神经的存在。然而,正常的心肌核素扫描结果不一定排除LBD的病理,特别是当其他生物标记物提示存在合并的阿尔茨海默病病理时。

文献来源:Matsubara T, Kameyama M, Tanaka N, et al. Autopsy Validation of the Diagnostic Accuracy of 123I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine Myocardial Scintigraphy for Lewy Body Disease. Neurology. 2022;98(16):e1648-e1659. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000200110

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    2023-01-13 longerg
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    2023-01-04 yinhl1978
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    2022-04-28 zhouqu_8

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