Lancet Infect Dis:对于 HIV-1 应采用早期还是延迟抗逆转录病毒疗法?

2014-06-26 lancet中文网 lancet中文网

背景使用抗逆转录病毒治疗 HIV-1 感染降低了 AIDS-相关发病率和死亡率,并防止了 HIV-1 的性传播。 但是,出于减少 HIV-1感染进展或非-AIDS 临床事件的目的,开始抗逆转录病毒治疗的最佳时间尚属未知。 我们此前曾报告早期抗逆转录病毒治疗可将 HIV-1 传播减少96%。 我们的研究目的是:比较早期与延迟开始抗逆转录病毒治疗对临床预后的影响。方法HPTN 052 试验是一项在九个

背景

使用抗逆转录病毒治疗 HIV-1 感染降低了 AIDS-相关发病率和死亡率,并防止了 HIV-1 的性传播。 但是,出于减少 HIV-1感染进展或非-AIDS 临床事件的目的,开始抗逆转录病毒治疗的最佳时间尚属未知。 我们此前曾报告早期抗逆转录病毒治疗可将 HIV-1 传播减少96%。 我们的研究目的是:比较早期与延迟开始抗逆转录病毒治疗对临床预后的影响。

方法

HPTN 052 试验是一项在九个国家的 13 处地点进行的随机对照试验。 我们的研究入组了 HIV-1 血清型不一致的夫妇,并使用根据地点分层的排列区组随机化将他们随机分配至早期或延迟抗逆转录病毒治疗组。 随机分配以非盲方式进行。 每对夫妇中受到HIV-1 感染的成员或在入组研究时就开始抗逆转录病毒治疗(早期治疗组)或在 CD4 计数下降后或AIDS-相关疾病发病后才开始治疗(延迟治疗组)。 主要事件为 AIDS 临床事件(WHO 4 期 HIV-1 疾病、结核病和重度细菌感染)及下列与 AIDS 无关的严重内科疾病:重度心血管或血管疾病、重度肝脏疾病、终末期肾病、新发糖尿病及非-AIDS 恶性疾病。 通过意向性治疗进行分析。 本试验已在ClinicalTrials.gov 登记,编号为 NCT00074581。

结果

1763 名 HIV-1 感染者及其血清型不一致的伴侣入组研究;886 人分配入早期抗逆转录病毒治疗组,877 人分配入延迟治疗组(有两人在随机分组后从该组中排除)。 在随机分组时,早期治疗组患者与延迟抗逆转录病毒治疗组患者的中位 CD4 计数分别为每微升442 (IQR 373—522) 个细胞与每微升 428 (357—522) 个细胞。 延迟治疗组在中位 CD4 计数降至每微升 230 (IQR 197—249) 个细胞时开始抗逆转录病毒治疗。 早期治疗组中有 57 人报告重大临床事件,相比之下,在延迟抗逆转录病毒治疗组中有 77 人(危险比 0.73,95% CI 0.52—1.03;p=0.074)。 早期抗逆转录病毒治疗组中有 40 名参与者发生新发 AIDS 事件,相比之下,在延迟治疗组中有 61 人 (0.64, 0.43—0.96; p=0.031),两组中分别有 17 名和 34名患者发生结核病 (0.49, 0.28—0.89, p=0.018),而与延迟治疗组中的九例相比,早期治疗组中罕见重大非-AIDS 事件。 


总体而言,早期治疗组中发生了 498 例主要和次要预后(发生率为每 100 人-年 24.9 例,95% CI 22.5—27.5),相比之下,在延迟治疗组中有 585 例(每 100 人-年 29.2 例,26.5—32.1;p=0.025)。 26 人死亡,其中早期抗逆转录病毒治疗组 11 人,延迟治疗组 15 人。

结果解读


早期开始抗逆转录病毒治疗延迟了 AIDS 事件时间,并降低了主要和次要预后的发生率。 我们所发现的临床效益与此前报告的 HIV-1 传播风险的显著降低均为早期开始抗逆转录病毒治疗提供了强有力的支持。 

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    2015-01-19 cmj8wellington
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    2015-03-06 howi
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    2014-07-26 mjldent
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    2015-02-06 hxj0117
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