大骨节病综合防治取得新突破

2012-04-10 唐宾泽 新华网

       国家“十一五”科技支撑计划重点项目“大骨节病综合防治研究”课题已顺利通过验收。目前我国已在大骨节病病因、早期诊断、综合预防、治疗等方面取得重要进展,全面查清了病情和疾病规律,并在预防、诊断、治疗等方面取得新突破。        2007年,国家确定在四

       国家“十一五”科技支撑计划重点项目“大骨节病综合防治研究”课题已顺利通过验收。目前我国已在大骨节病病因、早期诊断、综合预防、治疗等方面取得重要进展,全面查清了病情和疾病规律,并在预防、诊断、治疗等方面取得新突破。

       2007年,国家确定在四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州实施综合防治大骨病试点工作。经过5年的努力,课题组研究发现,大骨节病是多因素作用的结果,与当地特定的地理环境,低营养、低微量元素的膳食,以及粮食T-2毒素污染等外部因素,以及家族中有多人患病等个体特定的生物学因素相互作用,导致疾病的发生。通过对阿坝州试点项目落实的异地育人、换粮、移民安置、硒碘盐等措施进行了预防效果观察,并在青海省进行了对比干预试验。结果证实,综合防治措施对大骨节病起到了良好的预防作用。

       在对儿童早期诊断和干预方面的研究表明,核磁共振显示骨骺和骺板软骨损害比X线片更清晰,可作为儿童早期大骨节病诊断的高灵敏度、高特异性的无创检查方法。此外,补充微量元素和维生素一方面能在一定程度上修复儿童干骺端、骨端、骨骺病理损害,另一方面能对正常儿童骨骺起保护作用,阻止疾病发生。

       针对大骨节病的治疗,课题组筛选出了以萘普生、布诺芬缓释剂、双氯芬酸等为代表的高效、安全、价优的治疗药物,并证实了膝关节腔注射治疗、髋和膝关节置换手术、膝关节支具辅助治疗以及中医治疗对大骨节病治疗效果显著。

       据悉,大骨节病是一种地方性、多发性、慢性变形性骨关节病。据统计,目前全国患病人数达81万,其中四川省阿坝州现有患病人数为4.1万。

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