Nat Biotech:苹果ResearchKit被证明可以成为医生随访神器 !| 临床大发现

2017-03-16 应雨妍 奇点原创文章

2015年3月10日,苹果公司推出了ResearchKit,一向以“封闭”着称的苹果竟然首次推出针对医疗研究的开源框架?作为一个开源医学研究平台,它无疑是将iPhone变成了一款强大的研究工具。但是推出之后,似乎就没有更多的消息了,到现在,2年的时间过去了,ResearchKit究竟有怎样的“贡献”了呢?




2015年3月10日,苹果公司推出了ResearchKit,一向以“封闭”着称的苹果竟然首次推出针对医疗研究的开源框架?作为一个开源医学研究平台,它无疑是将iPhone变成了一款强大的研究工具。但是推出之后,似乎就没有更多的消息了,到现在,2年的时间过去了,ResearchKit究竟有怎样的“贡献”了呢?


第一批“入驻”的5款应用

两年过去了,第一批“入驻者”中专注于哮喘病的应用Asthma Health在昨天的《自然 生物技术》杂志上发表文章,公布了他们利用ResearchKit进行的大规模临床观察研究的初步成果!研究结果表明,这个应用是“成功”的,研究者与用户之间的双向数据交换以及对其他有用的信息,如地理位置、空气质量等的收集都是安全可靠、具有临床意义的。

AMAsthma Health由西奈山伊坎医学院、威尔康乃尔医学院和LifeMap Solutions共同开发。患者可以使用它来记录哮喘症状、对日常活动的影响,以及使用哮喘吸入器的频率。另外,患者因哮喘进入急诊、拜访医生和药物更换等情况也可以进行追踪。除了记录功能外,它还可以提醒患者当地的空气质量和服药时间。

在应用推出后的六个月中,共有近50000名iPhone用户下载,最终签署知情同意书并且完成了为期6个月的临床观察研究的共有7593名患者,这些患者来自美国的各个州。参与研究的患者需要填写自己的病史、合并症(与哮喘同时存在但不是由哮喘引起的疾病),通过Asthma Health记录每天的状态。APP的运营者会每周收集一次数据,分析这7天中患者对应用的利用率和生活质量。

在7593名参与者中,有6470人(约占85.2%)完成了至少一项数据的完整记录。他们中,有47%的人每周记录两次以上的各项健康数据,29%的人几乎每天都记录。研究人员从中筛选出了2317名患者作为研究的核心团体,这些人没有其他的肺部合并症和心力衰竭,每年吸烟不超过10包,而且各项数据的记录比较完整。研究人员的一些分析结果是以他们的数据为基础的,因为这些人具有更高的依从性和更少的无关疾病的干扰。


粉色实线/虚线:病情控制较好的女性/男性 绿色实线/虚线:病情控制不好的女性/男性

完成实验后,研究人员统计了参与者日间和夜间的哮喘症状、发作时吸入器的使用频率、药物的服用和呼气流量峰值(反映哮喘患者呼吸受限状况,监控哮喘病情的一个指标)。其中呼气流量峰值的统计情况与全球哮喘防治创议(Global Initiative for Asthma,GINA)中提到的相符——在病情控制较好的人群中,身高较高的平均流量峰值也相对较高[2]。

另外,研究人员观察到日间和夜间的哮喘症状的发生与发作时吸入器的使用频率呈正相关,这与常规临床上的观察一致。诸如此类的观察结果都表明,Asthma Health与传统的临床随访研究具有相似的效力,它对哮喘患者的日常状况的记录数据是有统计意义和临床意义的。

除此之外,由于哮喘患者对空气质量的变化也很敏感,Asthma Health也通过这一点对它的“监控功能”进行了证明。例如,2015年的夏季,华盛顿地区野火频发,导致空气质量变差,应用的统计结果也显示,夏季时间段里,定位在华盛顿的使用者的哮喘发作频率增加。


问卷调查结果

另外,还有一部分使用者反馈,高温也是触发哮喘的一个因素。研究人员通过整理数据发现,在南部地区,出现极端高温天气的时候,应用收集的哮喘的发作率的确出现了上升。根据这些数据和统计结果,APP就可以对上述类似的“特殊状况”进行有目的的提醒。

在实验结束后,研究人员对使用者的感受进行了问卷调查和分析,根据Wilcoxon signed-rank检测的分析结果,患者感觉自己因哮喘而受到的活动限制减少了25-20%。另外在对173名完整记录了自己数据的患者的问卷结果统计中,有超过70%的使用者认为Asthma Health对自己控制病情是有帮助的。


Yu-Feng Yvonne Chan博士

研究的联合通讯作者,西奈山伊坎医学院数字健康和个性化医学部门的主任Yu-Feng Yvonne Chan博士表示,“我们的APP特别适用于需要频繁收集患者数据,以及涉及不同地理位置的短期研究。这次的研究结果展示了移动健康工具在扩展和加速临床研究方面的力量,我们可以很方便地获得所需的数据来指导临床实践,同时改善对患者的护理”。

在研究的最后,研究人员提出了一些不足,例如患者数据的保留率低、使用人群不能完全覆盖,当然还有一直以来颇有争议的数据私密性和安全性等等。但是他们还是对研究的前景表示乐观,希望能进行进一步的优化,以实现这个“移动平台”的全部潜力,推进更多的研究和对患者的护理。

原始出处:
Yu-Feng Yvonne Chan,Pei Wang,Linda Rogers,et al. The Asthma Mobile Health Study, a large-scale clinical observational study using ResearchKit. Nature Biotechnology (2017)

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    2018-01-10 shock_melon
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    2017-12-14 liye789132251
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    2018-01-10 sunylz
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    2017-08-05 cathymary
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    2017-03-18 okhuali
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    2017-03-18 yangshch
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    2017-03-18 shuangle

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