Mol Cancer Therap:新型药物或能有效阻断90%的黑色素瘤转移

2017-01-09 不详 生物谷

图片来源:medicalxpress.com 日前,刊登在国际杂志Molecular Cancer Therapeutics上的一项研究报告中,来自密歇根州立大学的研究人员通过研究发现,一种新型的潜在药物或能降低高达90%的黑色素瘤细胞的扩散。这种人工小分子化合物能够对黑色素肿瘤细胞中产生RNA分子和特定蛋白质的基因的活性进行靶向作用,特殊的基因活性(或转录过程)能够诱发黑色素瘤扩散,但研究

图片来源:medicalxpress.com

日前,刊登在国际杂志Molecular Cancer Therapeutics上的一项研究报告中,来自密歇根州立大学的研究人员通过研究发现,一种新型的潜在药物或能降低高达90%的黑色素瘤细胞的扩散。这种人工小分子化合物能够对黑色素肿瘤细胞中产生RNA分子和特定蛋白质的基因的活性进行靶向作用,特殊的基因活性(或转录过程)能够诱发黑色素瘤扩散,但研究者开发的新型化合物能够有效对其进行抑制,截止到目前为止,很少有药物化合物能够达到这种目的。

研究者Richard Neubig表示,开发阻断基因活性的小分子药物对我们而言是一项巨大的挑战,因为基因活性能够作为一种信号机制,其对于黑色素瘤的进展情况非常重要;本文研究中我们所开发的化合物就是其中一种,其能够潜在地治疗多种硬皮病,当然还能够有效治疗多种类型的癌症。硬皮病是一种罕见的致死性自身免疫疾病,其会引发皮肤组织以及多种器官硬化,在硬皮病中产生纤维化或皮肤增厚的相同机制往往会诱发癌症的产生和扩散。

如今小分子药物占到了90%以上的药物市场,研究者认为,本文研究仅仅是早期发现,他们开发的这种新型小分子药物能够有效抵御致死性的皮肤癌,据估计这种皮肤癌没年大约会引发1万人死亡。appleton说道,黑色素瘤是一种致死性的皮肤癌,在美国每年大约有7.6万新增患者,该病具有如此致死性是因为其能够在全身迅速扩散并且攻击机体中较远距离的器官,比如大脑和肺部等。

研究者指出,这种新型化合物能够阻断黑色素瘤细胞中一种名为心肌素相关转录因子(MRTFs)的蛋白开启基因转录过程,而这些触发蛋白又能够被另一种名为RhoC(Ras同源性C)的蛋白所开启,RhoC蛋白存在于信号通路中,其能够促进疾病在机体中快速扩散。这种新型化合物能够降低85%至90%的黑色素瘤的转移,同时研究者还发现,这种潜在的药物还能够明显降低注射人类黑色素瘤细胞的小鼠肺部中肿瘤的转移。

研究者Neubig表示,我们利用完整的黑色素瘤细胞来对化学抑制剂进行筛选,这或许就能够帮助我们找到有效阻断RhoC通路的化合物。而阻断整个通路就能够帮助研究人员发现MRTF信号蛋白可以用作新型的药物靶点。阐明这种通路在哪些患者机体中处于开启状态对于后期开发新型化合物非常关键,因为这或许能够帮助研究者确定哪些病人最能够因摄入药物而获益,当上述通路处于开启状态,新型化合物就能够有效关闭黑色素瘤细胞的生长,并且抑制疾病进展,因此MRTF蛋白的激活或许就能够作为一种新型标志物来帮助确定患者出现黑色素瘤的风险。

研究者指出,如果疾病发现的早,患者死亡的风险仅为2%,如果发现地晚,则死亡率就会达到84%。因黑色素瘤死亡的大部分人都是由于疾病发生了扩散,本文中研究者发现的新型化合物能够潜在地阻断癌症的转移并且增加患者的生存率。

原始出处:

Andrew J. Haak, Kathryn M. appleton, Erika M. Lisabeth, Sean A. Misek, Yajing Ji, Susan M. Wade, Jessica L. Bell, Cheryl E. Rockwell, Merlin Airik, Melanie A. Krook, Scott D. Larsen, Monique Verhaegen, Elizabeth R. Lawlor and Richard R. Neubig.Pharmacological Inhibition of Myocardin-related Transcription Factor Pathway Blocks Lung Metastases of RhoC-Overexpressing Melanoma.Mol Cancer Therap.doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0482

 

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    2017-08-07 sunylz
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