早期非小细胞肺癌射波刀靶区勾画

2021-10-12 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

手把手教你学会早期非小细胞肺癌射波刀靶区勾画

一、非小细胞肺癌CT定位前准备

 

患者定位1周前病灶内已置入金标。

患者行放射外科治疗定位使用体垫或者胸网固定。

尽量使用增强CT扫描定位。

 

置入金标示意图

 

二、CT定位要求

1. 患者体位:仰卧位,双侧上肢置于身体两侧或抱头。

2. 呼吸时相:自由呼吸呼气末。

3. 扫描层厚:1.5mm.

4. 扫描范围:病灶上、下15cm.

 

三、非小细胞肺癌放射外科勾画的正常器官

双肺

1. 在肺窗下勾画双肺。

2. 所有炎症、纤维化和不张的肺都应勾画在内,肺门区小血管也应包括在内。

3. 气管/支气管、GTV不应包含其中。

4. PET/CT有助于辨别肺不涨与GTV。

 

食管

1. 在纵隔窗下勾画食管。

2. 包括黏膜、黏膜下、肌层至脂肪外膜。

3. 范围:PTV上下10cm(超过环状软骨和食管胃连接部则终止于这些结构)。

 

近端支气管树(PBT)

1. 在纵隔窗下勾画PBT。

2. 范围:近端2cm的气管,隆突,主支气管,右侧上、中、下叶支气管,左侧上、下叶及舌段支气管。

3. 包括这些结构相应的黏膜、黏膜下层、软骨环和气道。

 

气管

1. 在纵隔窗下勾画气管。

2. 包括黏膜、黏膜下层、软骨环和气道。

3. 范围:PTV上10cm或隆突上5cm(两者取更靠上的)。

 

脊髓

1. 按骨髓腔的骨性标志勾画脊髓。

2. 范围:PTV上、下10cm(超过颅底和L2则终止于这些结构)。

 

臂丛

1. 病灶位于上叶,患者需要勾画臂丛,只需勾画同侧即可。

2. 范围:C4-C5到T1-T2水平神经孔的脊髓神经,到锁骨下血管神经束终止。(备注:没有神经孔的水平,勾画前、中斜角肌之间德间隙或软组织。)

 

心脏和血管

1. 在纵隔窗下,心脏沿着包裹勾画,血管包全血管壁肌层至脂肪外膜。

2. 血管:右侧病灶勾画上腔静脉,左侧病灶勾画主动脉。

3. 范围:心脏勾画从肺动脉经过中线层面开始至心尖部,血管勾画PTV上、下10cm.

 

胸壁

1. 通过同侧肺在外侧、后侧及前方各自动外扩2cm生成。

2. 范围:前内侧到胸骨边缘,后内侧到椎体包括脊神经根出现德部位:PTV上、下3cm.

3. 建议靠近胸壁德病灶,勾画胸壁。

 

四、非小细胞肺癌示例:靶区及危及器官勾画

 

五、非小细胞肺癌放射外科治疗剂量建议

注:(1)位于肺门66Gy/8次;(2)周围型60Gy/3次;(3)临近臂丛60Gy/6次;(4)贴近胸壁60Gy/5次

参考文献:

[1]袁双虎,宋启斌主编.肿瘤精准放疗靶区勾画图谱[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社.2018.

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    2022-09-04 lishiwen
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    2021-10-12 医鸣惊人

    认真学习了。

    0

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