Mol Cancer Ther:siRNA成功能沉默KRAS致癌基因

2014-11-26 佚名 不详

KRAS与多种肿瘤的发生发展有密切关系,但是至今为止没有找到其特异性抑制剂,因此,临床上对于KRAS突变患者缺少特异性治疗手段。近日,北卡罗来纳大学(UNC)医学院和德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心研究人员开发出一种新方法,能阻断KRAS致癌基因,KRAS是在人类癌症中最常见的一个突变基因。这种新方法依赖于小干扰RNA(siRNA)的一种特定序列类型。 RNAi技术已经在肝脏疾病,病毒感染以

KRAS与多种肿瘤的发生发展有密切关系,但是至今为止没有找到其特异性抑制剂,因此,临床上对于KRAS突变患者缺少特异性治疗手段。

近日,北卡罗来纳大学(UNC)医学院和德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心研究人员开发出一种新方法,能阻断KRAS致癌基因,KRAS是在人类癌症中最常见的一个突变基因。这种新方法依赖于小干扰RNA(siRNA)的一种特定序列类型。

RNAi技术已经在肝脏疾病,病毒感染以及癌症的治疗中显示出有很大潜能。为了研究这个方法是否可以阻断KRAS癌基因,Pecot和他的同事们首先检验RNA的不同序列,以确定哪一种序列“销毁”KRAS是最有效的。5种RNA序列中,研究人员确定了两个序列选值得考虑,并用癌症模型进行研究。

当它们递送这些序列插入组织培养细胞中,他们发现siRNA毁坏90%以上的KRAS基因,显著损害肿瘤细胞株的生长。该技术也导致所谓pERK和pMEK2信号分子显著减少,后两者是KRAS基因的下游,并与肿瘤细胞增殖和肿瘤生长有关。

接着,Pecot和他的同事们在肺癌和结肠癌小鼠模型中测试了siRNAs。它们将序列包装在保护性的脂质纳米颗粒中,递送siRNA溶液进小鼠。研究人员发现,这种治疗显著减缓原发肿瘤的生长。例如,结肠癌模型中已被KRAS siRNA处理过的肿瘤,与对照RNA基因序列治疗的肿瘤更小。

此外,研究人员发现,KRAS基因沉默阻断癌细胞扩散到其他器官。Pecot表示结果虽然很鼓舞人心,但这只是打击这种致癌基因的第一步。最终,该siRNA序列必须被设计成特异性地靶向KRAS基因突变形式,而不破坏该基因的正常形式,因为该基因正常形式对于维持健康的细胞正常生长是必要的。

原始出处:

Pecot CV, Wu SY, Bellister S, Filant J, Rupaimoole R, Hisamatsu T, Bhattacharya R, Maharaj A, Azam S, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Nagaraja AS, Morelli MP, Gharpure KM, Waugh TA, Gonzalez-Villasana V, Zand B, Dalton HJ, Kopetz S, Lopez-Berestein G, Ellis LM, Sood AK.Therapeutic Silencing of KRAS Using Systemically Delivered siRNAs.Mol Cancer Ther. 2014 Oct 3.


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    2014-11-28 yinhl1978
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    2014-11-28 jambiya
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