J Clin Endocrinol Metab:血压变异性与骨折风险研究

2021-12-18 医路坦克 MedSci原创

骨折正日益成为一个全球性的公共卫生问题,在这项全国性的、基于人群的队列研究中,我们证明了BPV是发生骨折的独立预测因子。BPV升高与骨折发生率呈正相关。

  

     骨折正日益成为一个全球性的公共卫生问题。每年有超过890万例骨折,由于人口老龄化,这些数字预计还会上升。到2050年,全球髋部骨折的发病率预计将比1990年增加310%和240%。骨折预防是公共卫生中的一项重要挑战,但及早发现高危人群是一种有效的预防策略。

    最近的研究表明心血管疾病和骨折之间存在联系。心血管疾病的负面影响可能与:由于血压或心律改变引起的体位平衡改变,或由于动脉粥样硬化和高血压引起的脑血管病,导致跌倒的风险增加;动脉粥样硬化导致的骨生物力学强度降低,可能是由于流向骨骼的血液减少所致。特别是作为几种心血管事件的主要危险因素,血压升高与骨密度损失率增加有关。

    此外,BP通常在白天波动,每天可能会有所不同。血压变异性(BPV)是衡量个体内血压水平波动的指标。目前,BPV被认为是与BP水平本身不同的一个特征。最近的流行病学数据表明,BPV与各种健康结局有关,如心血管事件、心房颤动、终末期肾病、认知功能障碍、和死亡率。多种不利的病理过程,包括心脏舒张功能障碍、内皮功能障碍、内膜中层厚度增加、动脉僵硬和慢性交感神经亢进,已经被认为是解释BPV和不良健康结局之间关系的潜在机制。然而,关于BPV和骨折发生率之间关系的数据非常有限。一项涉及21,160名参与者的回顾性队列研究显示,收缩期BPV(SBPV)是髋部骨折的预测指标,但他们只有937例髋部骨折,不包括其他骨折类型。由于研究的特定人群(患有糖尿病的老年人),这些发现也很难推广。

   因此,在本研究中,我们的目的是根据全国代表性的50岁或以上成年人样本,评估访视BPV与骨折发生率之间的关系,并进一步考虑骨折亚型。我们还研究了收缩压和舒张压较高对骨折发生率的累加效应。使用韩国国家医疗保险系统数据库。

   患者或其他参与者:共3,256,070名年龄在50岁及以上,在过去五年内(包括指标年(2009年-2010年))参加≥3健康检查的参与者。结果数据是截至2016年底获得的。BPV是使用与平均值无关的变异性来计算的。高变异性被定义为变异性的最高四分位数。主要观察指标:新诊断骨折

   结果:中位随访时间为7.0年,共发生骨折337,045例(10.4%)。在调整了年龄、性别、收入、生活方式因素和合并症后,与最低四分位数组相比,高四分位数的BPV发生骨折的风险更高:调整后的风险比(95%可信区间)在收缩期BPV高四分位数为1.07(1.06-1.08),舒张期BPV为1.06(1.05-1.07),收缩期和舒张期BPV均为1.07(1.06-1.08)。在脊椎骨折和髋部骨折以及不同亚组的分析中,都注意到了一致的结果。

  在这项全国性的、基于人群的队列研究中,我们证明了BPV是发生骨折的独立预测因子。BPV升高与骨折发生率呈正相关。

 

文献来源:Yoo JE,  Yoon JW,  Park HE,Blood pressure variability and the risk of fracture: a nationwide cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Nov 28.

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    2022-05-06 guojianrong
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    2022-04-20 一闲
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