深度解读:2016诺贝尔奖为什么颁给自噬反应?

2016-10-03 MedSci 梅斯医学-生物谷

北京时间10月5日下午17:30,2016年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖揭晓,来自东京工业大学的研究者Yoshinori Ohsumi(大隅良典)因发现自体吞噬(autophagy)的机制而获得此奖。自体吞噬是细胞中一种降解和再生细胞组分的基本细胞过程,词语“autophagy”源自希腊词语“auto-”和吞噬(phagein),前者意思是“自我”(self),而后者的意思则是“去吃”,而自噬表示的就

北京时间10月3日下午17:30,2016年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖揭晓,来自东京工业大学的研究者Yoshinori Ohsumi(大隅良典)因发现自体吞噬(autophagy)的机制而获得此奖。



自体吞噬是细胞中一种降解和再生细胞组分的基本细胞过程,词语“autophagy”源自希腊词语“auto-”和吞噬(phagein),前者意思是“自我”(self),而后者的意思则是“去吃”,而自噬表示的就是“自己把自己吃掉”(self eating);自体吞噬这种概念是20世纪60年代提出来的,当时科学家们首次观察到细胞能够通过将自身内容物裹入到膜结构中来破坏内容物,从而形成袋装的囊泡结构,这种囊泡结构能够被运输到再循环小泡结构中进行降解,这种小泡结构称之为溶酶体,研究这种现象的困难性意味着到现在为止科学家们对此知之甚少,直到20世纪90年代早期研究者Yoshinori Ohsumi进行了一系列实验,他利用面包酵母进行研究鉴别出于对自体吞噬作用非常重要的关键基因,随后他进行了大量研究阐明了酵母细胞中自体吞噬作用发生的分子机制,并且也在我们的机体细胞中发现了类似更为复杂的机制。


Yoshinori Ohsumi的研究发现开启了科学家揭示细胞循环自身内容物的新纪元,他的研究发现为理解许多机体生理学过程中自体吞噬的重要性奠定了坚实的基础,比如机体如何适应饥饿或者如何对感染产生反应等,自体吞噬基因的突变会引发多种疾病发生,而且自体吞噬的过程还参与了多种疾病的发生,包括癌症和神经变性疾病等。。



降解—所有活细胞中的一项关键功能


20世纪50年代中期,科学家门观察到了一种新型特殊的细胞区室,名为细胞器,细胞器中含有多种酶类能够消化蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂质;这种特殊的细胞区室被看做是溶酶体,其能够发挥降解细胞组分的重要作用,1974年来自比利时的科学家Christian de Duve因发现了溶酶体而获得了当年的诺贝尔生理学及医学奖;20世纪60年代随着科学研究的深入,科学家们又有了新的发现,他们在溶酶体内部有时候能够发现细胞组分甚至是整个细胞器,而细胞似乎有一种策略能够将大型的“货物”运输到溶酶体中;深入的生化和显微镜分析揭示了一种能将细胞“货物”转运到溶酶体中用于降解的新型囊泡(如图1);在发现了溶酶体后研究者Christian de Duve就创造了“autophagy”这个词,寓意“自己吃自己”,为了描述这个过程,研究者将这种新型的囊泡结构命名为“自噬体”(autophagosomes)。



Figure 1(图1):我们的细胞有着不同特殊的细胞区室,而溶酶体就组成了这么一个区室,并且含有能够消化多种细胞组分的酶类;研究者就在细胞中发现了名为自噬体的全新类型的囊泡,随着自噬体的形成,其就会吞入细胞组分,包括损伤的蛋白和细胞器等;最终自噬体就会同溶酶体进行融合,进而将细胞组分降解为小型的组分,上述过程就为细胞提供了大量的营养物质以及用于细胞再生的结构部件。


20世纪七八十年代,研究者们重点关注于另外一种用于降解蛋白的系统,即为“蛋白酶体”(proteasome),随着2004年诺贝尔化学奖揭晓,科学家Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko和Irwin Rose因发现泛素介导的蛋白质降解而获奖,此后研究者们对蛋白酶体开展了大量研究,蛋白酶体能够有效地一个接一个降解蛋白质,但这种机制并不能够解释细胞去除大型蛋白复合体以及耗尽细胞器的机制,那么自体吞噬的过程就是答案嘛?如果是这样的话,那么自体吞噬背后的机制又是什么?


一项突破性的实验


研究者Yoshinori Ohsumi从事于多项领域的研究,但从1988年建立实验室开始,他就开始重点关注于细胞液泡中蛋白质降解机制的研究,细胞液泡是和人类细胞溶酶体相对应的一种特殊细胞器,酵母细胞相对更容易研究一些,因为其经常作为科学家们研究人类细胞的良好模型,尤其是酵母细胞能够被用于鉴别对复杂细胞通路非常关键的基因;但Yoshinori Ohsumi面临着一项挑战,那就是酵母细胞非常小,而且在显微镜下细胞中的内在结构并不容易被区分,同时研究者也并不确定是否在酵母细胞中存在自体吞噬的过程,Ohsumi推断,是否能在自体吞噬过程处于活性状态时干扰液泡中的降解过程,随后自噬体就会在液泡中积累,这样一来就能够在显微镜下观察到。


随后研究者Yoshinori Ohsumi培养了缺失液泡降解酶类的酵母突变体,同时通过使得细胞饥饿来刺激自体吞噬作用的发生,结果非常惊人!随着时间过去,细胞液泡中慢慢充满了小型的囊泡结构,而且这些囊泡结构并不会被降解(图2);这些囊泡结构就是自噬体,而且研究者的实验证明了在酵母细胞中的确存在自体吞噬过程,尽管该过程非常重要,如今Yoshinori Ohsumi仅有一种方法来鉴别参与自体吞噬过程的关键基因并且对其进行特性研究,这是一项突破性的发现,1992年研究者Ohsumi发表了相关的研究结果。



Figure 2(图2):在酵母细胞中(左侧)存在着和哺乳动物细胞溶酶体相对应的名为“液泡”(空泡)结构的大型细胞区室,研究者开发了缺失液泡降解酶类的酵母,当这些酵母细胞处于饥饿状态下时,自噬体就会在液泡中(中间图)不断积累。研究者的实验结果表明,自体吞噬过程存在于酵母细胞中,下一步Ohsumi对成千上万个酵母突变体(右侧图)进行了研究,并且鉴别出了对自体吞噬过程非常重要的基因。


自体吞噬基因被发现


如今研究者Yoshinori Ohsumi利用其工程化的酵母菌株进行研究,即在饥饿状态下能够积累自噬体的酵母细胞;如果对自体吞噬作用重要的基因处于失活状态下自噬体的积累过程并不会发生,于是Ohsumi将酵母细胞暴露于一种特殊的化学物中,这种化学物能够随机引发多种基因发生突变,随后研究者就能够诱导酵母细胞发生自噬作用,在发现酵母细胞中存在自噬过程的一年内,研究者Yoshinori Ohsumi还鉴别出了第一批对自噬作用非常重要的基因,在接下来的一系列研究中,研究者对这些基因所编码的蛋白质的功能进行了特性研究和描述,结果表明,自体吞噬过程能够被一系列级联的蛋白质和蛋白质复合体所控制,每一种蛋白质或蛋白质复合体都能够调节自噬体开始和形成的不同阶段的发生。(图3)



Figure 3(图3):Yoshinori Ohsumi研究了关键自噬基因编码的蛋白质的功能,同时他还阐明了压力信号如何开启自体吞噬作用以及蛋白质和蛋白质复合体如何促进自噬体形成的不同阶段的发生。


自噬作用—细胞中必要的一种机制


在酵母细胞中自噬过程及其机体被鉴别后,一系列问题诞生了,有人就想知道相应的机制是否也能够在其它有机体的细胞中控制自体吞噬过程呢?那么研究者很快就能够在我们机体的细胞中鉴别出相同的机制了,利用可用的研究工具,科学家们就调查了自体吞噬在人类机体中的重要性。


感谢研究者Yoshinori Ohsumi和其它从事后续研究的科学家们,如今我们知道,自噬能够控制细胞中重要的生理学功能,细胞中的组分需要被降解并且回收利用,而自噬作用就能够快速提供能量并且为细胞组分的回收利用提供基本的构件,同时自噬对于细胞对饥饿及其它压力的反应也至关重要。在机体感染后,自噬能够消灭外来入侵的细菌和病毒,而且自噬对于胚胎发育和细胞分化也很关键,细胞还能够利用自噬来消除损伤的蛋白质和细胞器,这种细胞内部的质量控制机制对于应对老化带来的副作用也发挥着至关重要的作用。


干扰自噬作用或许和老年人患帕金森疾病、2型糖尿病及其它机体障碍直接相关,自噬基因的突变往往也会引发遗传性疾病的发生,干扰自体吞噬过程或许会诱发机体癌症发生,如今研究者需要进行更为深入的研究来开发新型靶向作用自噬作用的疗法来治疗多种类型的疾病。


我们知道自体吞噬过程已经超过50年了,但自20世纪90年代研究者Yoshinori Ohsumi发现自噬作用后,自噬在生理学和医学研究中的关键角色和作用才被发现,基于科学家的Yoshinori Ohsumi的突破性研究发现,诺奖委员会授予其2016年诺贝尔生理学及医学奖。


原始出处:


[1] Takeshige, K., Baba, M., Tsuboi, S., Noda, T. and Ohsumi, Y. (1992). Autophagy in yeast demonstrated with proteinase-deficient mutants and conditions for its induction. Journal of Cell Biology 119, 301-311


[2] Tsukada, M. and Ohsumi, Y. (1993). Isolation and characterization of autophagy-defective mutants of Saccharomyces cervisiae. FEBS Letters 333, 169-174


[3] Mizushima, N., Noda, T., Yoshimori, T., Tanaka, Y., Ishii, T., George, M.D., Klionsky, D.J., Ohsumi, M. and Ohsumi, Y. (1998). A protein conjugation system essential for autophagy. Nature 395, 395-398


[4] Ichimura, Y., Kirisako T., Takao, T., Satomi, Y., Shimonishi, Y., Ishihara, N., Mizushima, N., Tanida, I., Kominami, E., Ohsumi, M., Noda, T. and Ohsumi, Y. (2000). A ubiquitin-like system mediates protein lipidation. Nature, 408, 488-492



研究者Yoshinori Ohsumi简介:


Yoshinori Ohsumi于1945年生于日本福冈市,1974年他在东京大学获得博士学位,在美国洛克菲勒大学度过3年的研究时光后,他回到了东京大学并且建立了自己的实验室,2009年开始,他在东京工业大学(Tokyo Institute of Technology)取得教授职称并且从事相关研究。


#2016诺贝尔医学奖与生理学奖#  自噬转化医学与疾病研讨会,详情点击:http://www.bioon.com/z/2016autophagy/

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  2. 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createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:30:40 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139733, encodeId=967e139e332f, content=恭喜恭喜,不容易, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzcjoLTEEgkSSQ8pVIiaf4a4INaoMLBV16QEk3dvvBRpicwIwmDGv0jePErJ4aE9ibVBDPtkialQLT9Bs/0, createdBy=04811949400, createdName=邓启付, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139719, encodeId=5a3e139e1926, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 06:14:35 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-05 白衣丽仁

    自噬细胞的发现与自然界自净功能相似。自然与人体是相同的。

    0

  3. 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createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:30:40 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139733, encodeId=967e139e332f, content=恭喜恭喜,不容易, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzcjoLTEEgkSSQ8pVIiaf4a4INaoMLBV16QEk3dvvBRpicwIwmDGv0jePErJ4aE9ibVBDPtkialQLT9Bs/0, createdBy=04811949400, createdName=邓启付, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139719, encodeId=5a3e139e1926, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 06:14:35 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-05 刘煜

    阅读了谢谢。

    0

  4. 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attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 06:14:35 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-04 医路开来

    自噬细胞可以治疗很多病

    0

  5. 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createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 23:35:09 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140166, encodeId=017e140166f6, content=自己吃自己”,为了描述这个过程,研究者将这种新型的囊泡结构命名为“自噬体”, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 23:34:39 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139744, encodeId=8a57139e44dc, content=恭喜, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:30:40 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139733, encodeId=967e139e332f, content=恭喜恭喜,不容易, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzcjoLTEEgkSSQ8pVIiaf4a4INaoMLBV16QEk3dvvBRpicwIwmDGv0jePErJ4aE9ibVBDPtkialQLT9Bs/0, createdBy=04811949400, createdName=邓启付, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139719, encodeId=5a3e139e1926, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 06:14:35 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-04 医路开来

    学习啦,,

    0

  6. 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140254, encodeId=538b1402545e, content=阅读了谢谢。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/21/72142930668371951a41ef4ea4b233e6.jpg, createdBy=dcbc1715228, createdName=刘煜, createdTime=Wed Oct 05 06:24:20 CST 2016, time=2016-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140170, encodeId=0e341401e0aa, content=自噬细胞可以治疗很多病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 23:36:22 CST 2016, 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createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:30:40 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139733, encodeId=967e139e332f, content=恭喜恭喜,不容易, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzcjoLTEEgkSSQ8pVIiaf4a4INaoMLBV16QEk3dvvBRpicwIwmDGv0jePErJ4aE9ibVBDPtkialQLT9Bs/0, createdBy=04811949400, createdName=邓启付, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139719, encodeId=5a3e139e1926, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 06:14:35 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-04 医路开来

    自噬作用—细胞中必要的一种机制

    0

  7. 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createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:30:40 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139733, encodeId=967e139e332f, content=恭喜恭喜,不容易, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzcjoLTEEgkSSQ8pVIiaf4a4INaoMLBV16QEk3dvvBRpicwIwmDGv0jePErJ4aE9ibVBDPtkialQLT9Bs/0, createdBy=04811949400, createdName=邓启付, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139719, encodeId=5a3e139e1926, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 06:14:35 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-04 医路开来

    自己吃自己”,为了描述这个过程,研究者将这种新型的囊泡结构命名为“自噬体”

    0

  8. 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time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140169, encodeId=f584140169f9, content=学习啦,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 23:35:51 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140167, encodeId=28aa14016eb6, content=自噬作用—细胞中必要的一种机制, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, 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createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:30:40 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139733, encodeId=967e139e332f, content=恭喜恭喜,不容易, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzcjoLTEEgkSSQ8pVIiaf4a4INaoMLBV16QEk3dvvBRpicwIwmDGv0jePErJ4aE9ibVBDPtkialQLT9Bs/0, createdBy=04811949400, createdName=邓启付, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139719, encodeId=5a3e139e1926, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 06:14:35 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-04 知难而进

    恭喜

    0

  9. 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140254, encodeId=538b1402545e, content=阅读了谢谢。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/21/72142930668371951a41ef4ea4b233e6.jpg, createdBy=dcbc1715228, createdName=刘煜, createdTime=Wed Oct 05 06:24:20 CST 2016, time=2016-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140170, encodeId=0e341401e0aa, content=自噬细胞可以治疗很多病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 23:36:22 CST 2016, 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createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:30:40 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139733, encodeId=967e139e332f, content=恭喜恭喜,不容易, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzcjoLTEEgkSSQ8pVIiaf4a4INaoMLBV16QEk3dvvBRpicwIwmDGv0jePErJ4aE9ibVBDPtkialQLT9Bs/0, createdBy=04811949400, createdName=邓启付, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139719, encodeId=5a3e139e1926, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 06:14:35 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-04 邓启付

    恭喜恭喜,不容易

    0

  10. 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createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:30:40 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139733, encodeId=967e139e332f, content=恭喜恭喜,不容易, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzcjoLTEEgkSSQ8pVIiaf4a4INaoMLBV16QEk3dvvBRpicwIwmDGv0jePErJ4aE9ibVBDPtkialQLT9Bs/0, createdBy=04811949400, createdName=邓启付, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 07:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=139719, encodeId=5a3e139e1926, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 06:14:35 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-04 大旺旺

    学习了啊

    0

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