Combined anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade: Treatment of melanoma and immune mechanisms of action

Willsmore, ZN; Coumbe, BT; Crescioli, S; Reci, S; Gupta, A; Harris, RJ; Chenoweth, A; Chauhan, J; Bax, HJ; McCraw, A; Cheung, A; Osborn, G; Hoffmann, RM; Nakamura, M; Laddach, R; Geh, JLC; MacKenzie-Ross, A; Healy, C; Tsoka, S; Spicer, JF; Josephs, DH; Papa, S; Lacy, KE; Karagiannis, SN

Karagiannis, SN (corresponding author), Kings Coll London, Sch Basic & Med Biosci, St Johns Inst Dermatol, London SE1 9RT, England.; Karagiannis, SN (corresponding author), Kings Coll London, Guys Canc Ctr, Sch Canc & Pharmaceut Sci, Breast Canc Now Res Unit, London, England.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, 2021; 51 (3): 544

Abstract

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) and the Programmed Death Receptor 1 (PD-1) are immune checkpoint molecules that are well-establis......

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