生物学家利用基因编辑技术进行更加快速高效的抗病毒药物开发

2016-05-17 佚名 生物谷

在科学家们加速研究治疗诸如寨卡病毒新型疗法的同时,近日,来自美国加州纳米技术研究院(California NanoSystems Institute)等机构的研究人员通过研究基于基因编辑技术开发出了一种高准确率及高效的DNA筛选系统;为了开发出抵御病毒感染的新型药物,研究者们就需要知晓病毒感染健康细胞的机制,而这些潜在的机制或许就是开发新型药物的靶点。为了确定病毒感染的机制或靶点,科学家们就需要对


在科学家们加速研究治疗诸如寨卡病毒新型疗法的同时,近日,来自美国加州纳米技术研究院(California NanoSystems Institute)等机构的研究人员通过研究基于基因编辑技术开发出了一种高准确率及高效的DNA筛选系统;为了开发出抵御病毒感染的新型药物,研究者们就需要知晓病毒感染健康细胞的机制,而这些潜在的机制或许就是开发新型药物的靶点。

为了确定病毒感染的机制或靶点,科学家们就需要对宿主细胞中的DNA进行筛查来发现特殊的遗传突变,而通常研究者们是利用移除或敲除对病毒感染或复制非常关键的基因来实现的。近日研究人员Robert Damoiseaux就同桑地亚国家实验室的研究者们联合,基于CRISPR技术开发出了一种特殊的文库筛查法,相比传统方法而言,这种新型的方法就可以进行更加有效且高精密的研究,来帮助科学家们寻找引发疾病的关键靶点基因。

首先研究者们从组成CRISPR的混合物开始研究,即多个DNA片段文库,他们利用高通量的自动设备将混合物进行分离成为单一组分,随后再对单一组分进行筛查,这样一来研究者们就可以在短时间内确定人类机体中寨卡病毒的易感基因,随后就可以设计出新型高效的抗病毒疗法来帮助机体抵御病毒的感染。

在桑地亚国家实验室研究人员的帮助下,研究者Damoiseaux的研究小组目前开始开发一种基于CRISPR的微阵列文库,而该文库将可以降低抗病毒疗法开发的成本并且加速抗病毒药物的开发过程。Damoiseaux说道,当你利用CRISPR从混合液中鉴别出了一组负责病毒复制的基因,你就必须进行一系列实验来证实每一个独立基因的功能,而在这种新开发的微阵列文库中,研究人员就好比玩游戏一样轻松,因为这种筛选系统可以直接鉴别出单一的基因,相比传统方法而言其就可以帮助研究者捕捉到更加微妙的效应。

目前微阵列CRISPR文库可以应用到很多研究领域中去,比如进行癌症疗法的研究中等,通过对人类健康进行更好的理解,CRISPR技术就可以给科学家们带来更多意想不到的发现,同时对开发治疗多种遗传性疾病的新型疗法也将带来一定帮助和希望。

原始出处:

Shaun Mason.Using gene-editing technology for faster, cheaper antiviral drug development.May 11,2016. 

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    2016-05-18 yahu
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