我国医生攻克难题 液体活检或成肝癌筛查新宠

2017-10-11 常 路 环球医学

肝癌素有“癌王”之称。早期获得诊断的患者经过有效治疗,5年生存率可达到50%以上,而到了晚期,5年生存率只有10%~15%,因此如果能对肝癌进行早期诊断,将使患者大大获益。近日,中美研究团队攻克了肝癌早期诊断的世界性难题,新型诊断手段有望应用于临床中。

肝癌素有“癌王”之称。早期获得诊断的患者经过有效治疗,5年生存率可达到50%以上,而到了晚期,5年生存率只有10%~15%,因此如果能对肝癌进行早期诊断,将使患者大大获益。近日,中美研究团队攻克了肝癌早期诊断的世界性难题,新型诊断手段有望应用于临床中。

中山大学肿瘤防治中心主任、医院院长徐瑞华教授与美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校的张康教授带领中美科学家团队,历时五年,终于攻克世界性难题,相关研究报告发表在国际杂志《Nature Materials》(影响因子39.737)上,题目为《Circulating tumour DNA methylation markers for diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma》。

一直以来,医生们都在血液中寻找合适的肝癌早期诊断标志物,现有的肝癌标志物甲胎蛋白AFP虽然在部分患者血液中可检测到明显的升高(超过20ng/ml),但是其敏感性只有60%左右,这就意味着如果仅依赖AFP作为早期诊断的标志物,100个肝癌患者中将有40个会漏诊。

研究团队通过检测少量“血液中循环肿瘤DNA”(ctDNA)特定位点甲基化水平,发现了一种既能对肝癌进行早期诊断,又能准确预测肿瘤的分期、疗效和复发可能性的新方法。与甲胎蛋白检测相比,新方法将肝癌的漏诊率降低一半以上,能帮助医生发现更多的早期肝癌患者。该方法还可实时监测肝癌的疗效,如果肝癌复发,它能比常规影像学检查手段提前几周甚至几个月察觉到“异常”。

而更令人欣喜的是,本月中旬,全球首个“肝癌ctDNA甲基化诊断试剂盒”将进行应用,检测对象主要为有肝炎肝硬化病史、有肝癌家族史或接受过肝癌手术等治疗的高危人群,下一步会考虑推广到进行常规防癌体检的人群。

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    2017-10-16 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2017-10-15 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2017-10-13 xuexin53

    学习了!

    0

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    2017-10-13 smlt2008
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    2017-10-12 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

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    2017-10-11 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了谢谢作者分享!

    0

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