EUR HEART J :地高辛增加房颤患者死亡率

2012-12-04 EUR HEART J EUR HEART J

       心房颤动(AF)患者使用地高辛正受到质疑,刚发表的一份最新研究报告认为,它与患者全因死亡率明显增加相关。AFFIRM试验倾向校正分析对多种共病进行了控制对照研究发现,地高辛使用患者全因死亡率较未使用者总体增加41%。观察显示,无论男女及患者有无潜在心力衰竭,该全因死亡率增加均持续存在。其研究报告在线发表于2012年11月27日的《欧洲心脏杂志》


       心房颤动(AF)患者使用地高辛正受到质疑,刚发表的一份最新研究报告认为,它与患者全因死亡率明显增加相关。AFFIRM试验倾向校正分析对多种共病进行了控制对照研究发现,地高辛使用患者全因死亡率较未使用者总体增加41%。观察显示,无论男女及患者有无潜在心力衰竭,该全因死亡率增加均持续存在。其研究报告在线发表于2012年11月27日的《欧洲心脏杂志》上。

       资深作者Claude Elayi博士(列克星敦肯塔基大学)解释说,使用地高辛以前就曾被认为与房颤患者死亡危险增加有关,但并不清楚这是否是因为使用者病情较为严重的缘故。

       Elayi认为,这些结果应促使医生严肃思考是否为房颤患者开地高辛处方,特别是在他们也没有心力衰竭的情况下。该研究并不是说我们永远不对房颤患者再使用地高辛,更多的意思是,我们必须仔细思考这个问题。

       如何使用取决于患者是否有心力衰竭

       Elayi建议,如果患者房颤和心力衰竭皆而有之,使用地高辛仍然是合理的。从理论上讲,地高辛应该是有这两种疾病的患者的理想药物,因为它可以减慢心率,这在房颤是必要的,而且DIG试验结果显示,地高辛对心力衰竭有好处。但是Elayi提醒,应该使用小剂量,仔细监测血液水平,因为地高辛可以与很多不同药物发生相互作用。

       但是,Elayi目前建议不要对没有心力衰竭的房颤患者使用地高辛。在该群患者中,地高辛的唯一好处就是减缓心率,在这方面,其他很多药物都可以做得更好、更安全。所以,他建议不要对这类患者使用地高辛,除非不宜使用β受体阻断剂或钙离子拮抗剂,这也行是出于低血压考虑。再次提醒,如若使用,那就要坚持小剂量并仔细监测。
 
       Elayi估计,目前有30%到50%的房颤患者正在使用地高辛,一些发展中国家使用的情况更多。地他希望这项研究将给人以警告,地高辛作为无心衰房颤患者一线药的时代已经结束了。

       该研究结果提出了安全性问题
 
       肯塔基大学发布的一则新闻引用克利夫兰诊所Steve Nissen博士的话称,这些研究发现提出了对地高辛安全性的严重关切,地高辛是最古老和最富争议的心脏药之一,Steve Nissen博士没有参加该项研究。虽然有些机构认为它已过时,但地高辛使用仍很广泛。FDA应该做出彻底评审,确定是否需要进行调整,包括加大对房颤患者使用地高辛的警告力度。



Aims 
Digoxin is frequently used for rate control of atrial fibrillation (AF). It has, however, been associated with increased mortality. It remains unclear whether digoxin itself is responsible for the increased mortality (toxic drug effect) or whether it is prescribed to sicker patients with inherently higher mortality due to comorbidities. The goal of our study was to determine the relationship between digoxin and mortality in patients with AF.
Methods and results 
The association between digoxin and mortality was assessed in patients enrolled in the AF Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) trial using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Analyses were conducted in all patients and in subsets according to the presence or absence of heart failure (HF), as defined by a history of HF and/or an ejection fraction <40%. Digoxin was associated with an increase in all-cause mortality [estimated hazard ratio (EHR) 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19–1.67, P < 0.001], cardiovascular mortality (EHR 1.35, 95% CI 1.06–1.71, P = 0.016), and arrhythmic mortality (EHR 1.61, 95% CI 1.12–2.30, P = 0.009). The all-cause mortality was increased with digoxin in patients without or with HF (EHR 1.37, 95% CI 1.05–1.79, P = 0.019 and EHR 1.41, 95% CI 1.09–1.84, P = 0.010, respectively). There was no significant digoxin–gender interaction for all-cause (P = 0.70) or cardiovascular (P = 0.95) mortality.
Conclusion 
Digoxin was associated with a significant increase in all-cause mortality in patients with AF after correcting for clinical characteristics and comorbidities, regardless of gender or of the presence or absence of HF. These findings call into question the widespread use of digoxin in patients with AF.

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    2012-12-05 zhaojie88
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    2012-12-05 slcumt
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    Vemakalant是一种选择性心房离子通道混合性钠/钾通道阻滞剂,通过延长心房不应期,阻滞速率依赖性的离子通道,延长心房传导,但对心室复极没有显著影响。该药物在人体中起效迅速,半衰期3-5h。在2010年ESC指南公布后,Vernakalant已获准用于AF持续≤7天的非手术患者,或心脏外科手术后发生AF持续≤3天的患者快速转复窦律。关于Vernakalan

房颤的导管消融治疗,证据级别、推荐等级全线升级——聚焦ESC2012 心房颤动治疗指南更新

自2010年ESC房颤管理指南公布以来,越来越多的与房颤导管消融治疗相关的研究被发表报道,包括多项随机或非随机研究,单中心或多中心研究。这些研究带来对房颤导管消融的新认识,最终促成了房颤指南的更新,使导管消融治疗的证据级别、推荐等级全线升级。 导管消融治疗的新证据支持全线升级房颤导管消融治疗的推荐等级 随着多项随机与非随机研究发表,房颤的导管消融治疗显示出了较抗心律失常药物在维持窦律、改善生活质量

CMAJ:华法林的主要出血事件通常是致命性的

       一项在房颤患者使用华法林的大型观察研究的结果表明,主要的出血事件发生率要高于临床试验并且通常是致命的[CMAJ 2012 Nov 26]。塔拉?戈麦斯为首的作者总结这项研究及时提供了估计华法林相关的不良事件,可能对于临床医师,患者及政策制定者作为新的治疗选择成为可能就具有重要作用。        

2012心房颤动:目前的认识和治疗建议

   作者:中华医学会心电生理和起搏分会心房颤动防治专家工作组    心房颤动(房颤)是指规则有序的心房电活动丧失,代之以快速无序的心房颤动波,是最严重的心房电活动紊乱,也是常见的快速性心律失常之一。中华医学会心电生理和起搏分会心房颤动防治专家工作组制定了《2012心房颤动:目前的认识和治疗建议》指南。     

CIRC-ARRHYTHMIA ELEC:绝经后妇女激素替代疗法增加房颤风险

       Marco V Perez 博士(斯坦福大学医学中心)及同事在2012年11月20日《循环?心律失常和电生理学》杂志上发表的妇女健康倡议(WHI)研究最新分析显示,激素替代疗法(HRT)治疗的绝经后妇女,心房颤动(AF)风险小幅升高。作者建议在妇女权衡激素疗法风险和益处时,该心律失常理应添加到潜在有害结果目录中。Perez称,这是基于WHI试验