J Abnorm Child Psych:张建新研究组揭示创伤后应激障碍临床症状结构的跨性别稳定性及其与行为问题之间的差异性关联

2017-04-27 佚名 心理研究所

在2013年公布的美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第五版(简称DSM-5)中,专家组基于实证研究与临床经验对创伤后应激障碍(Posttraumatic stress disorder,PTSD)的临床症状标准进行了多项修改,由此引发了研究者们关于PTSD临床症状结构的新一轮探讨。逐渐积累起来的研究证据大多来自成人样本,它们为DSM-5界定的4维表型模型以及基于该模型修正而成的5维DSM-5精神痛苦性

在2013年公布的美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第五版(简称DSM-5)中,专家组基于实证研究与临床经验对创伤后应激障碍(Posttraumatic stress disorder,PTSD)的临床症状标准进行了多项修改,由此引发了研究者们关于PTSD临床症状结构的新一轮探讨。逐渐积累起来的研究证据大多来自成人样本,它们为DSM-5界定的4维表型模型以及基于该模型修正而成的5维DSM-5精神痛苦性唤起模型、6维快感缺失模型、6维外化行为模型和7维混合模型等提供了支持。然而,目前关于青少年人群中基于DSM-5的PTSD临床症状结构的认识还相对匮乏,而上述结构是否具有跨性别的稳定性、PTSD的不同症状簇是否与青少年的行为问题具有差异性关联等问题也有待解答。

鉴于此,中国科学院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室张建新研究组及其合作者采用验证性因素分析的方法检验了1184名汶川地震幸存青少年样本中基于DSM-5的PTSD临床症状结构,结果显示由闯入、回避、负性情绪、快感缺失、外化行为、焦虑性唤起以及精神痛苦性唤起因子构成的7维混合模型对来自女性及男性的数据均具有最优的模型拟合程度;该模型在因子结构不变性、因子载荷不变性、条目截距不变性、残差方差不变性以及因子方差/协方差不变性等不同水平上均具有跨性别的稳定性;PTSD的不同症状簇与青少年的社会退缩、违纪及攻击等行为问题具有显着的差异性关联,其中社会退缩行为与PTSD的快感缺失症状的相关程度最高,而违纪及攻击行为则与PTSD的外化行为症状具有最强关联。

该研究首次考察了性别对青少年人群中基于DSM-5的PTSD临床症状结构的影响,为新近提出的7维混合模型及其跨性别稳定性提供了实证证据,同时也为针对青少年人群的PTSD临床症状的评估、诊断及性别比较提供了参考意见。此外,该研究还揭示了基于DSM-5的PTSD临床症状结构与青少年行为问题之间的差异性关联,这一方面加深了对PTSD与青少年行为功能损伤之间关系的认识,另一方面也有助于在灾害幸存青少年人群中开展针对特定PTSD临床症状的早期预防、识别及干预。

该研究受国家支撑计划项目(2013BAI08B02)、中科院重点部署项目(KJZD-EW-L04)、国家自然科学基金项目(31271099,31471004)以及中科院国际人才交流计划(2016VEA019)支持,研究成果已发表于儿童青少年心理病理学期刊Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology。

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    2017-09-30 docwu2019
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