JEADV:Dupilumab治疗小儿特应性皮炎患者并发寻常疣后自发消退

2022-02-26 医路坦克 MedSci原创

该文报告一例3岁的男孩患有特应性皮炎并使用dupilumab治疗后出现寻常疣,寻常疣出乎意料地自发消退,使用dupilumab进行充分的疾病控制已经导致AD的改善和皮肤疣的意外消退。


     特应性皮炎(AD)是一种炎症性、瘙痒性、复发性疾病,常伴有皮肤感染风险增加。AD和寻常疣的共存并不少见,很可能是皮肤屏障破坏和免疫反应异常的迹象。我们报告一例3岁的男孩患有AD并使用dupilumab治疗出现寻常疣,但寻常疣出乎意料地自发消退。

     1例3岁男孩,自婴儿期起就有全身性AD的病史。先前有季节性过敏性鼻炎病史和先前卡波西水痘样疹的发作被证实。开始使用不同效力的外用糖皮质激素和外用钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂进行治疗,但效果有限。外用0.1%莫米松乳膏,每天两次,持续2周以上不能止痒。除了AD,他的母亲还抱怨说,在过去的6个月里,他的脚上的寻常疣逐渐积累起来。

    体格检查显示全身干燥症,伴有多发性丘疹和结节病变(图1a),累及超过40%的体表面积(EASI评分=38.5)。由于严重瘙痒(NRS=6)和剧烈抓挠,他的皮肤被广泛划破。对生活质量的显著影响(IDQOL=20/30)也被报道。这个孩子看起来脾气暴躁,一旦脱下衣服就无法停止抓挠。他的脚背上有多个散在的疣,延伸到内踝和外踝,但保留了手掌和脚底(图1a)。实验室检查显示,嗜酸性粒细胞水平为1.559109cells/L,IgE水平为1760IU/mL。原发性免疫缺陷被排除,因为209个覆盖率的全外显子组测序没有揭示遗传原因。

    这名体重15.7公斤的儿童开始每4周皮下注射300毫克的dupilumab,导致第16周时AD皮损(EASI评分=7)和瘙痒(NRS=3)迅速改善(图1b)。有趣的是,第8周皮肤疣自发消退,第16周完全消退(图2b)。在此期间,没有尝试冷冻治疗、激光或化学治疗。

    特应性皮炎的特征是严重瘙痒和反复发作的病程。患有AD的儿童容易患疣,可能是由于频繁的抓挠和Th2免疫极化。包括促炎Th1细胞因子和人类防御素在内的介导疣消退的关键因素在AD中被下调。耐人寻味的是,手掌和脚掌这两个更常受影响的区域仍然没有受到影响。这可能是由于AD叠加的抓挠习惯,以及这个孩子目前受影响的区域容易抓伤的地方造成的。此外,作为局部治疗的主体,皮质类固醇非选择性地抑制免疫细胞,导致炎症减轻和感染加重。

图1  患者下肢显示特应性皮炎和皮疣。(A)患者下肢出现红斑丘疹和结节,并有广泛的划痕。(B)16周随访,每月服用Dupilumab 300毫克。(C)后足的皮肤疣。(D)16周随访,每月服用dupilumab 300毫克。

 

    Dupilumab是一种针对IL-4和IL-13受体共同α亚基的单克隆抗体,介导Th2免疫应答的有效调节因子的转导。AD的多种表型特征,包括瘙痒、表皮增厚以及促炎细胞因子和趋化因子的产生都受到该通路的调节。在Dupilumab治疗后,观察到物理、免疫和微生物屏障功能的显著改善,这可能导致皮肤感染的风险降低。

   虽然局部皮质类固醇在大多数患者中提供了最佳的症状缓解,但在病情严重的情况下,单一疗法可能不够用,使患者容易延长疾病负担,增加感染的风险。目前的病例要求注意瘙痒-抓挠周期的破坏性影响和局部皮质类固醇的长期治疗。虽然疣的自然消退可能需要长达数年的时间,但使用dupilumab进行充分的疾病控制已经导致AD的改善和皮肤疣的意外消退。

文献来源:Shen CP,  Zhao MT,  Ma L,Spontaneous resolution of Verruca Vulgaris in a paediatric atopic dermatitis patient treated with dupilumab.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022 Jan 19; 

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    2022-04-03 丁鹏鹏
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    2022-08-14 snf701207
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    2022-02-25 zhyy88
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该研究表明,dupilumab是治疗STAT3-HIE儿童皮损的有效和安全的治疗选择。减少给药频率可能是一种有价值的治疗策略,特别是对于经常害怕注射的儿科患者。

JACIP:Dupilumab治疗减少成人中度至重度特应性皮炎的住院治疗

特应性皮炎(AD)是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病,难治性AD可能需要住院治疗,dupilumab治疗与对照组相比,AD相关住院率显着降低,AD相关住院时间缩短。

Sci Rep:52周的Dupilumab治疗中重度特应性皮炎的长期疗效和安全性研究

特应性皮炎(AD)是一种典型的慢性炎症性全身性疾病。本文证实了dupilumab的持续治疗效果,大多数患者对治疗有反应。

JEADV:Dupilumab特应性皮炎患者的眼部副作用

本研究的目的是总结使用dupilumab治疗的AD患者眼表疾病的科学数据,研究表明在使用dupilumab之前进行眼科检查可以使既往有眼部病理或眼部症状的AD患者受益。

JEADV:Dupilumab治疗6-11岁儿童中重度特应性皮炎的研究

Dupilumab被批准用于治疗中到重度AD的青少年,增加了治疗这种疾病的选择,该研究表明Dupilumab对这个年龄段有很高的安全性和有效性,但也有一些特殊情况发生,需应通过更大规模的研究来验证。

JAMA Dermatol:特应性皮炎患者使用Dupilumab的治疗结果

特应性皮炎(AD)患者通常抱怨瘙痒,皮肤疼痛和睡眠障碍症状,dupilumab治疗与长达12个月的快速和持续的疾病控制有关,与基线相比,所有患者报告的结果=在统计上都有显著改善。