Clin Infect Dis:ALL儿童诱导治疗期间抗菌预防是否安全有效?

2017-12-28 梁舒瑶 环球医学

2017年发表在《Clin Infect Dis》的一项由美国和澳大利亚科学家进行的研究,考察了儿童急性淋巴性白血病(ALL)诱导治疗期间左氧氟沙星预防的有效性和安全性。

2017年发表在《Clin Infect Dis》的一项由美国和澳大利亚科学家进行的研究,考察了儿童急性淋巴性白血病(ALL)诱导治疗期间左氧氟沙星预防的有效性和安全性。

背景:感染儿童ALL治疗相关发病和死亡的最重要原因。尽管抗菌预防在白血病成人中较常用,但由于有效性或抗菌选择方面证据不足,以及其潜在的抗菌耐药性和艰难梭菌感染的担忧,其在儿童中的使用存在争议。

方法:该研究为一项单中心、观察性队列研究,患者为新确诊的ALL患者,比较了整个XVI研究诱导治疗期间不进行预防、进行左氧氟沙星预防或其他预防的患者的前瞻性收集的感染相关结局。使用倾向评分-加权logistic回归模型,校正混杂因素。

结果:在纳入的344例患者中,173例不进行预防,69例进行左氧氟沙星预防,102例使用其他预防方案。进行预防的患者嗜中性白血球减少症的时间较长。预防降低了发热性嗜中性球减少症,细菌感染、血流感染可能≥70%。仅左氧氟沙星预防降低了感染,但也降低了头孢菌素、氨基糖苷类和万古霉素暴露,并使艰难梭菌感染降低>95%。没有发现抗菌药耐药菌突破感染的增加,但不能排除这个可能。

结论:这是一项关于ALL儿童诱导治疗期间抗菌预防的最大型的新研究,且首次纳入广谱氟喹诺酮。预防可以预防艰难梭菌感染和全身感染。左氧氟沙星预防也使抗菌药治疗的使用最小化,并极大降低艰难梭菌感染。尽管需要长期抗菌药耐药监测,但这些数据支持ALL儿童诱导治疗期间使用左佛氧沙星靶向预防。

原始出处:
Wolf J, Tang L, Flynn PM,et al.Levofloxacin Prophylaxis During Induction Therapy for Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Nov 13;65(11):1790-1798. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix644.

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    2017-12-30 膀胱癌
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