Journal of Surgical Case Reports:18岁化生性乳腺癌一例

2015-01-21 hebe556 丁香园

近日,来自葡萄牙的Gomes教授等在Journal of Surgical Case Reports上报道了一例18岁少女罹患化生性乳腺癌">乳腺癌的病例。 案例 一名18岁的非洲女性患者因右乳直径34cm巨大肿瘤(图1)收住我院,既往无乳腺癌家族史。活检提示广泛坏死化生性乳腺癌,三阴性,Ki67>90%,胸腹部及骨盆CT提示腋窝淋巴结转移,其它未见明显转移。乳腺MRI提示肌肉浸润

近日,来自葡萄牙的Gomes教授等在Journal of Surgical Case Reports上报道了一例18岁少女罹患化生性乳腺癌">乳腺癌的病例。

案例

一名18岁的非洲女性患者因右乳直径34cm巨大肿瘤(图1)收住我院,既往无乳腺癌家族史。活检提示广泛坏死化生性乳腺癌,三阴性,Ki67>90%,胸腹部及骨盆CT提示腋窝淋巴结转移,其它未见明显转移。乳腺MRI提示肌肉浸润(图2)。多学科团队商讨后决定行右乳癌改良根治术(图3)。

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图1 术前肿瘤外观

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图2 MRI T1f显示巨大肿块占据整个右乳并呈中央区坏死

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图3 手术标本

  病理诊断化生梭形细胞癌(图4)。

F4.medium.gif

  图4 (A)4倍镜下可见血管外皮细胞瘤样所行增生(B)10倍镜下可见核多形性和大量的有丝分裂(C)10倍镜下可见集中表达CK903,提示上皮分化(D)10倍镜下可见波形蛋白高度及弥漫性表达

术后患者接受了4个疗程的阿霉素和环磷酰胺辅助治疗。术后6月,患者手术切口下出现了与胸壁黏连坚硬且伴疼痛的结节。B超提示9*7cm的异质性多囊性结节(图5)。胸部CT提示右侧胸腔积液,胸膜增厚和粘连。细胞学分析怀疑恶性细胞的存在。胸膜活检为阴性。

F5.medium.gif


图5 超声显示乳房切除术床有一枚低回声实质性肿块并浸润胸大肌以下。

由于胸壁侵犯,无法进行再次切除,患者病情迅速恶化,很快出现多脏器功能衰竭。无进展生存率6个月,总生存率9个月。

关于化生性乳腺癌的思考

化生性乳腺癌是一种罕见、侵袭性强的乳腺恶性肿瘤,预后较差。MBC约占所有乳腺浸润癌的0.2%-5%,进展较快,多数发现时已是高级别的巨大肿瘤,较少淋巴结受累,三阴性、低分化或未分化,高Ki67。

化生性乳腺癌目前没有标准的治疗方案,我们遵循浸润性乳腺癌的临床实践指南行改良根治术联合化疗治疗。由于CT提示存在临床并发症、疾病复发及患者病情恶化等原因未行放疗。

由于患者入院太晚,以及低龄和种族原因,生存期低于均数。既往研究显示,不仅低龄女性容易罹患侵袭性高、分化低、ER阴性肿瘤,非洲女性更容易患低龄、高级别、ER阴性乳腺癌。

目前,化生癌仍缺乏有效的预后标志物。多学科参与下进行积极果断治疗为首要措施。虽然化生性乳腺癌较少见,但仍有相当一部分患者由于初级卫生保健欠缺,入院时已为晚期,因此,我们需要明确早期诊疗方案,以得到最佳治疗结果。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18865, encodeId=4f001886503, content=想知道是多久长成这么大的?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200526/bc84b6cccb9241efa64acb550cb26382/b07a79d6e7a24fc89700672e75aba0a9.jpg, createdBy=e5d21619169, createdName=Dr. XXL, createdTime=Wed Mar 25 09:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1782637, encodeId=aa371e8263796, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cff1413333' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#case report#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4133, encryptionId=cff1413333, topicName=case report)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Fri Sep 25 04:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2027916, encodeId=eef2202e9166c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c9a41324e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#case#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4132, encryptionId=7c9a41324e, topicName=case)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=62a7397, createdName=charl1234567, createdTime=Thu Apr 02 22:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14791, encodeId=267a14e910b, content=太恐怖了,怎么会长这么大。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e1ee1608797, createdName=huangshang9812, createdTime=Wed Jan 28 20:55:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1624735, encodeId=0b731624e3512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0333412062' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cas#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4120, encryptionId=0333412062, topicName=Cas)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=411420689333, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Fri Jan 23 00:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-25 Dr. XXL

    想知道是多久长成这么大的?

    0

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    2015-04-02 charl1234567
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18865, encodeId=4f001886503, content=想知道是多久长成这么大的?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200526/bc84b6cccb9241efa64acb550cb26382/b07a79d6e7a24fc89700672e75aba0a9.jpg, createdBy=e5d21619169, createdName=Dr. XXL, createdTime=Wed Mar 25 09:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1782637, encodeId=aa371e8263796, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cff1413333' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#case report#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4133, encryptionId=cff1413333, topicName=case report)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Fri Sep 25 04:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2027916, encodeId=eef2202e9166c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c9a41324e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#case#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4132, encryptionId=7c9a41324e, topicName=case)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=62a7397, createdName=charl1234567, createdTime=Thu Apr 02 22:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=14791, encodeId=267a14e910b, content=太恐怖了,怎么会长这么大。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e1ee1608797, createdName=huangshang9812, createdTime=Wed Jan 28 20:55:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1624735, encodeId=0b731624e3512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0333412062' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cas#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4120, encryptionId=0333412062, topicName=Cas)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=411420689333, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Fri Jan 23 00:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-01-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-01-28 huangshang9812

    太恐怖了,怎么会长这么大。

    0

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    2015-01-23 yaanren

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