JEADV:绘制生物标记物研究在特应性皮炎和银屑病中的应用

2022-04-16 医路坦克 MedSci原创

本文系统地回顾了AD/PSO生物标记物研究的伦理和社会方面的现有文献,包括医学和哲学方面的贡献,目的是绘制正在进行的辩论的图谱。

特应性皮炎(AD)和银屑病(PSO)是最普遍的慢性炎症性和多因素皮肤病,影响着全球数百万人。虽然AD/PSO不代表危及生命的疾病,但它们与相当高的发病率有关,继发性疾病的风险增加是主要的(社会)经济负担,并对患者的生活质量产生重大影响。作为明显的慢性皮肤病,许多患者遭受歧视,这可能导致严重的心理社会损害。然而,人们仍然缺乏对这些情况对个人和社会的多重影响的认识。

缺乏关于AD/PSO生物标记物的社会和伦理方面的连贯概述。本文系统地回顾了AD/PSO生物标记物研究的伦理和社会方面的现有文献,包括医学和哲学方面的贡献。

我们对理性的系统文献回顾,基于既定的方法论标准,包括以论证为基础的伦理出版物和具有隐含的伦理相关方面的科学文献。皮肤病学和邻近领域(如肿瘤学)的生物标记物研究的第一次搜索导致了大量关于生物标记物研究一般规范方面的文献,但表明在特应性皮炎/银屑病研究中缺乏明确的基于论证的伦理文献。因此,我们进行了第二次系统研究,重点是特应性皮炎/银屑病生物标记物研究。通过两次系统搜索确定的43篇相关文章被归类为三个主题组:(1)分层和精确医学的伦理方面,(2)数字伦理,以及(3)注重复杂性和有效性的研究伦理。我们发现,与癌症研究等其他领域相比,特应性皮炎/银屑病的伦理方面很少被详细解释和解决。特别是,需要在特应性皮炎/银屑病生物标记物的科学标准、数字伦理和负责任的临床应用、患者参与以及使用生物标记物对患有特应性皮炎/银屑病的儿童或年轻人的伦理影响方面开展更多工作。最后,我们就如何更直接地解决特应性皮炎/银屑病的伦理和社会层面的研究和实践提出建议。

综上所述,这一综述表明,在AD/PSO中使用生物标记物具有广泛的伦理和社会影响、益处和挑战,有时在文献中明确但主要是含蓄地提出。这些问题包括分层和个性化医学的伦理方面、通过大数据和高级分析使用生物标记物方面的伦理问题以及研究伦理,特别是与验证过程有关的伦理问题。人们对不同形式的生物标志物寄予厚望,这关系到AD/PSO患者的个性化和更精确的诊断、预后、预测和治疗的多种好处,考虑到这两种疾病的异质性。因此,生物标记物不仅有望改善患者的整体生活质量,还能解决AD/PSO患者及其亲属未得到满足的需求。在综述的文献中,AD/PSO生物标记物应用的伦理问题很少被详细解释,许多紧迫的伦理问题也没有讨论。因此,迫切需要深入分析哪些伦理问题以及如何与AD/PSO生物标记物的研究和使用有关。特别是,需要在科学标准、AD/PSO生物标记物使用的数字伦理、患者参与、AD/PSO生物标记物的负责任的临床应用以及对儿童和年轻人使用生物标记物的进一步伦理影响方面开展更多工作。最重要的是,正在进行的伦理思考应该被视为生物标记物研究和应用的一个组成部分,而不仅仅是一个补充。这进而要求为AD/PSO中的生物标记物研究和应用制定明确的伦理原则和指导方针。

文献来源:

Fritzsche MC,  Buyx AM,  Hangel N,Mapping ethical and social aspects of biomarker research and its application in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis - A systematic review of reason.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022 Apr 02;

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    2022-06-02 wjywjy
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    2022-04-16 坚定的心

    学习了

    0

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据估计,近80%的银屑病患者会出现头皮受累的情况。头皮银屑病表现为发际线上的斑块,可扩展至前额、耳朵和颈部,并伴有瘙痒、瘢痕和脱发等侵入性症状和并发症。

J Clin Periodontol:牙周炎会影响银屑病吗?

观察性研究表明牙周炎会影响银屑病。然而,观察性研究容易出现反向因果关系和混淆,这阻碍了得出因果关系的结论和影响方向。我们应用孟德尔随机化(MR)方法来全面评估牙周炎和银屑病之间潜在的双向关联。

JEADV:新型固定剂量钙泊三醇和二丙酸倍他米松乳膏可有效且安全的治疗斑块状银屑病

斑块状银屑病是一种常见的慢性复发性炎症性皮肤病,临床上以红斑和脱屑为特征。由于90%以上的银屑病患者受益于局部治疗,局部治疗在管理策略中继续发挥着突出作用。

J Dermatolog Treat:靶向UVB光疗联合钙泊三醇VS. 单纯靶向UVB治疗银屑病的疗效

银屑病是一种病因复杂的皮肤病,是一种由遗传和环境诱发的慢性、炎症性、免疫介导的全身性疾病。靶向紫外线和外用钙泊三醇经常被用于治疗银屑病,但钙泊三醇和靶向紫外线的联合效果一直存在争议。