Lancet Psychiatry:难治性精神分裂症的预测因子研究:基于人群的队列研究

2016-05-12 MedSci MedSci原创

临床诊疗过程中,尽早识别出难治性精神分裂症患者,可最大程度减少氯氮平治疗延误,对临床产生极大获益。然而,有关该人群的预测因素尚不明确。Theresa Wimberley等人研究发现,患者年龄更轻、居住地区更小、小学文化水平等多种因素均与难治性精神分裂症相关,相关研究于2月24日在线发表于《柳叶刀-精神病》杂志。该研究以丹麦国家数据注册表为基础,纳入自1996年1月1日到2006年12月31日间确诊

临床诊疗过程中,尽早识别出难治性精神分裂症患者,可最大程度减少氯氮平治疗延误,对临床产生极大获益。然而,有关该人群的预测因素尚不明确。Theresa Wimberley等人研究发现,患者年龄更轻、居住地区更小、小学文化水平等多种因素均与难治性精神分裂症相关,相关研究于2月24日在线发表于《柳叶刀-精神病》杂志。

该研究以丹麦国家数据注册表为基础,纳入自1996年1月1日到2006年12月31日间确诊精神分裂症的成年患者(≥18岁周岁),并随访至2010年12月31日。精神分裂症治疗耐药定义如下:首次使用氯氮平或经2种不同抗精神病药物单药治疗后仍因精神分裂症住院。通过多变量Cox比例风险回归分析评估基线候选预测因子与精神分裂症耐药性间的关联。

研究共纳入8624名患者,中位随访时间为9.1年,8044名患者中共1703例(21%)符合精神分裂症治疗耐药的主要定义。研究结果显示,年龄更轻(OR0.96[95%CI0.95-0.97])、居住地区更小(省市1.38.1.23-156],农村1.44[1.25-1.65]),小学文化水平(0.88[0.79-0.98]),确诊精神分裂症前在精神病院住院时间超过30天(1.54[1.35-1.75]),住院期间首次确诊精神分裂症(2.07[1.87-2.29]),偏执亚型(1.24[1.13-1.37]),伴有人格障碍(1.24[1.11-1.39]),使用精神药物(抗精神病药1.51[1.35-1.69],抗抑郁药1.1​​5.1.03-129],和苯二氮卓1.22[1.10-1.37]),既往自杀未遂(1.21[1.07-1.39])均与精神分裂症治疗耐药显著相关。

分析人员指出,该研究确定了几个可能列入精神分裂症治疗耐药预测模型的候选预测因子。值得注意的是,已知的精神分裂症危险因素并不能预测治疗耐药,提示难治性精神分裂症可能是精神分裂症的一种亚型,而不仅仅是更严重的疾病形式。


原始出处:

Wimberley T, Støvring H, Sørensen HJ, Horsdal HT, MacCabe JH, Gasse C. Predictors of treatment resistance in patients with schizophrenia: a population-based cohort study. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016 Apr;3(4):358-66.

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    2016-11-11 howi
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    2016-05-14 freve

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抗精神分裂耐药性的临床定义为:至少对两种抗精神分裂药物不应答。约30%的精神分裂患者有过抗精神分裂耐药性。氯氮平是有证据支持的唯一治疗抗精神分裂耐药性有效的药物。而各个国家的氯氮平处方率各不相同,最低的是美国的2-3%,而中国则高达60%,大部分欧洲发达国家的氯氮平处方率在10%左右。抗精神分裂耐药性管理不当会对社会和个人造成巨大的负担,且不利于长期预后。因此及早诊断发现抗精神分裂耐药性,对相关患

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詹姆斯库克大学科学家研究发现身体对饮食的喜好对治疗精神分裂症可能是有效的。 Zoltan Sarnyai副教授和他的研究小组发现用生酮饮食喂养老鼠(生酮饮食是一种高脂肪,但碳水化合物(糖)非常低的一种饮食)会导致类似精神分裂症的较少的动物行为。 自从二十世纪二十年代开始,生酮饮食已经投入使用,用来管理儿童癫痫症和近期偏好减肥饮食的一些健美者。 Sarnyai博士认为,饮食可能通过提供酮体