Biomicrofluidics:利用时间序列数据高准确率地绘制基因组图谱

2016-01-06 佚名 不详

如果你已经有了一种有机体的基因组序列图谱,但想在图谱中找到异常结构,那么你可以通过在一些靶点中切断DNA序列并检测切割点之间的距离来检查基因条码。然而,原始基因图谱在允许研究有系统误差存在的情况下可通过新一代测序技术如PCR获得(包括任何扩增偏差)。为了补救这样的情况,明尼苏达大学和生物纳米基因组学的研究人员研究通过使用动态时间序列数据来测量以纳米通道为基础的图谱形式的概率分布。 “想象DN

如果你已经有了一种有机体的基因组序列图谱,但想在图谱中找到异常结构,那么你可以通过在一些靶点中切断DNA序列并检测切割点之间的距离来检查基因条码。然而,原始基因图谱在允许研究有系统误差存在的情况下可通过新一代测序技术如PCR获得(包括任何扩增偏差)。为了补救这样的情况,明尼苏达大学和生物纳米基因组学的研究人员研究通过使用动态时间序列数据来测量以纳米通道为基础的图谱形式的概率分布。

“想象DNA骨架上的两个标签是由DNA弹簧构型熵模型连接在一起的。”Kevin Dorfman说,他是明尼苏达州大学科学与工程学教授。“如果这是一个弹簧振子……然后我们就期望看到其它弹簧长度正负位移的概率相等。”

Dorfman和他的同事观察到在标签中压缩比扩展要更多,并发现标签中的大多数热涨落是短暂的,这样能够帮助提高基因组绘图的准确性。

“这样的改进对复杂的样本如癌症、异质细胞尤为重要,所以我们需要精确发现罕见事件的发生。”Dorfman说。

研究人员使用传统脉冲凝胶电泳方法遇到问题,其中基因图谱是由限制性内切酶切割DNA序列组装的图谱,常规方法是把DNA片段分为合适的大小。然而用纳米通道的方法在每条DNA链上进行荧光标记,这样就都会保持有序。

研究者通过标记的DNA开始,从大肠杆菌的细胞中提取的基因组DNA,剔除单个核苷酸和不同目标位置的核心区,并插入荧光核苷酸到这些区域。每一个DNA链通常约有300,000个碱基对,之后将其注入到45 纳米宽的纳米通道中。然后他们使用数码相机拍摄出标签的位置。而在纳米通道记录中典型的DNA单分子研究中记录了几十个分子的统计数据,研究者的方法涉及到成千上万的分子,每一种分子覆盖了一系列标签,之后得出数以百万计两个标签之间距离的测量值,这对确定概率分布是非常必要的。

原始出处:

Julian Sheats1, Jeffrey G. Reifenberger2, Han Cao2 and Kevin D. Dorfman.Measurements of DNA barcode label separations in nanochannels from time-series data. Biomicrofluidics, doi: 10.1063/1.4938732

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    2016-08-07 xjy02
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    2016-06-21 sunylz
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    2016-06-08 jeanqiuqiu
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