儿童要用儿童药!别再让儿科医生开药时“心慌”

2018-03-06 吴帅 澎湃特约评论员

最近央视一则公益短片刷屏朋友圈,看完让人泪奔:一个5岁的小女孩,三年前因用药不当致聋……今年全国两会,全国政协委员冯丹龙提案建议,完善儿童用药安全管理。第六次人口普查结果显示,中国0至14岁人口占总人口的16.6%,儿科患病人数约占所有患病人数的20%。但长期以来,由于儿童专用药不足,很多患儿在服药时都被当成“缩小版的成人”对待,按照“小儿酌减”的原则服用成人药,存在着巨大的用药安全风险。据《半月

最近央视一则公益短片刷屏朋友圈,看完让人泪奔:一个5岁的小女孩,三年前因用药不当致聋……今年全国两会,全国政协委员冯丹龙提案建议,完善儿童用药安全管理

第六次人口普查结果显示,中国0至14岁人口占总人口的16.6%,儿科患病人数约占所有患病人数的20%。但长期以来,由于儿童专用药不足,很多患儿在服药时都被当成“缩小版的成人”对待,按照“小儿酌减”的原则服用成人药,存在着巨大的用药安全风险。据《半月谈》报道,有业内人士称,儿科医生开药心都是慌的。

不问不知道,一问吓一跳!据我了解,针对这个“小儿酌减”用药问题,从资深的药师到临床儿科专家,都对这种现象感到犯难:

以处方药物为典型,治疗量和中毒量之间的临界值接近,扳少了治疗不起效,扳多了则可能中毒。又比如针剂,在儿童临床急救的时候,医护人员还需要从成人针剂里专门抽取,核实准确剂量。争分夺秒的时候,医生却因为这个药量的问题,不得不慢下来,无形中延缓了救治时机。

据国家药物不良反应监测结果显示,中国儿童用药不良反应发生率为12.9%,其中新生儿高达24.4%,分别是成人的2倍和4倍。造成这种结果,显然与儿童药物生产滞后有关系。全国药品生产企业有8000多家,其中专门生产儿童用药的企业仅占0.1%。在药品临床试验注册项目中,国产药品注册信息达到16万多条,其中儿童药品仅有2000多条。

孩子不是成人的缩小版,儿童要用儿童药。医疗界其实对此早有共识,之所以多年来仍停留在呼吁的层面,我认为原因如下:

一者,医药分开政策推进缓慢,医疗机构严重依赖药品利润生存发展,儿童类药物使用量偏少。相比成人药品,儿童药利润更低。在残酷而白热的市场竞争下,药企生产当然优先聚焦在成人药品上。

二者,医疗安全在国内还是薄弱区域,这也包括用药安全。无论是医者还是患者群体,在这方面的意识还不够觉醒,所以无法形成一种集体倒逼的力量。人们都清楚这样扳药和粗糙计算,肯定存在用药风险,但很少有人思考这件事情意味着什么。即使出了严重的问题,大家的聚焦点也只是赔多少钱,而不是在病因处纠偏,追溯到用药安全上来。

三者,全面二孩政策后,新生儿越来越多,儿童医疗资源需求越来越多。但另一边,儿科医生的培养明显滞后,造成了儿科医生被病人包围的现状,一个儿科医生每天看上百号病人,早已经不算新闻。这种工作量剧增,但却依然缺少儿童剂型的药品,医生需要花大量的时间在计算酌情用药的量上,无疑会增加用药风险。

儿童用药问题,不仅仅是儿科医生心慌的问题,更是一个社会问题。从政府、药企、医疗机构、民意代表都需要聆听到这种安全需求,将药品生产和管理使用的注意力覆盖到儿童身上,进行调整和规范,增加儿童药品的生产和供应。

一个好的药品供应链,是打造安全优质医疗服务的重要环节,不可或缺。不能把压力都给儿科医生,这种“开药心慌”的尴尬局面,该打破了。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=337816, encodeId=367433e81637, content=由于制度的原因,临床医生看不到拿不到药物说明书,有的药物说明书厂家已经更新,药剂科,医生甚至药代表都不知道。网上发的仅供参考,能够安全用药吗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/04/355c07748bd28246a802dedc6fdf7421.jpg, createdBy=4cfd1732073, createdName=0348, createdTime=Sat Aug 11 06:24:55 CST 2018, time=2018-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1715894, encodeId=897b1e158944e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbb3510166c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心慌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51016, encryptionId=dbb3510166c, topicName=心慌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8fc732091231, createdName=Boyinsh, createdTime=Tue Aug 21 22:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=294209, encodeId=f3b9294209aa, content=为什么不和国际接轨?多生产些儿童剂型!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKibA62IFMeUJEmSyIe8DvYFeERuOsfrRd8iano7nENqQU1dRR3tqeQOUL3eqgYgEZRT2t2iaEsib0JEw/132, createdBy=66771693911, createdName=易水河, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 15:32:47 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1385916, encodeId=87ba13859166b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8d8e2808e9e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#儿科医生#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28087, encryptionId=8d8e2808e9e, topicName=儿科医生)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a5712500001, createdName=晓辰, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 03:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1622862, encodeId=d0c6162286209, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0028284562c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#儿童药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28456, encryptionId=0028284562c, topicName=儿童药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 03:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=293590, encodeId=19de293590f0, content=阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/09/07/a9772c74ffd6edc03a7f9af07b4747f6.jpg, createdBy=b3722138742, createdName=sunfeifeiyang, createdTime=Tue Mar 06 13:58:50 CST 2018, time=2018-03-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-11 0348

    由于制度的原因,临床医生看不到拿不到药物说明书,有的药物说明书厂家已经更新,药剂科,医生甚至药代表都不知道。网上发的仅供参考,能够安全用药吗

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=337816, encodeId=367433e81637, content=由于制度的原因,临床医生看不到拿不到药物说明书,有的药物说明书厂家已经更新,药剂科,医生甚至药代表都不知道。网上发的仅供参考,能够安全用药吗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/04/355c07748bd28246a802dedc6fdf7421.jpg, createdBy=4cfd1732073, createdName=0348, createdTime=Sat Aug 11 06:24:55 CST 2018, time=2018-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1715894, encodeId=897b1e158944e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbb3510166c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心慌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51016, encryptionId=dbb3510166c, topicName=心慌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8fc732091231, createdName=Boyinsh, createdTime=Tue Aug 21 22:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=294209, encodeId=f3b9294209aa, content=为什么不和国际接轨?多生产些儿童剂型!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKibA62IFMeUJEmSyIe8DvYFeERuOsfrRd8iano7nENqQU1dRR3tqeQOUL3eqgYgEZRT2t2iaEsib0JEw/132, createdBy=66771693911, createdName=易水河, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 15:32:47 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1385916, encodeId=87ba13859166b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8d8e2808e9e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#儿科医生#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28087, encryptionId=8d8e2808e9e, topicName=儿科医生)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a5712500001, createdName=晓辰, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 03:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1622862, encodeId=d0c6162286209, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0028284562c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#儿童药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28456, encryptionId=0028284562c, topicName=儿童药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 03:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=293590, encodeId=19de293590f0, content=阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/09/07/a9772c74ffd6edc03a7f9af07b4747f6.jpg, createdBy=b3722138742, createdName=sunfeifeiyang, createdTime=Tue Mar 06 13:58:50 CST 2018, time=2018-03-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-08-21 Boyinsh
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=337816, encodeId=367433e81637, content=由于制度的原因,临床医生看不到拿不到药物说明书,有的药物说明书厂家已经更新,药剂科,医生甚至药代表都不知道。网上发的仅供参考,能够安全用药吗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/04/355c07748bd28246a802dedc6fdf7421.jpg, createdBy=4cfd1732073, createdName=0348, createdTime=Sat Aug 11 06:24:55 CST 2018, time=2018-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1715894, encodeId=897b1e158944e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbb3510166c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心慌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51016, encryptionId=dbb3510166c, topicName=心慌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8fc732091231, createdName=Boyinsh, createdTime=Tue Aug 21 22:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=294209, encodeId=f3b9294209aa, content=为什么不和国际接轨?多生产些儿童剂型!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKibA62IFMeUJEmSyIe8DvYFeERuOsfrRd8iano7nENqQU1dRR3tqeQOUL3eqgYgEZRT2t2iaEsib0JEw/132, createdBy=66771693911, createdName=易水河, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 15:32:47 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1385916, encodeId=87ba13859166b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8d8e2808e9e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#儿科医生#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28087, encryptionId=8d8e2808e9e, topicName=儿科医生)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a5712500001, createdName=晓辰, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 03:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1622862, encodeId=d0c6162286209, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0028284562c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#儿童药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28456, encryptionId=0028284562c, topicName=儿童药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 03:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=293590, encodeId=19de293590f0, content=阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/09/07/a9772c74ffd6edc03a7f9af07b4747f6.jpg, createdBy=b3722138742, createdName=sunfeifeiyang, createdTime=Tue Mar 06 13:58:50 CST 2018, time=2018-03-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-03-08 易水河

    为什么不和国际接轨?多生产些儿童剂型!

    0

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  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=337816, encodeId=367433e81637, content=由于制度的原因,临床医生看不到拿不到药物说明书,有的药物说明书厂家已经更新,药剂科,医生甚至药代表都不知道。网上发的仅供参考,能够安全用药吗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/04/04/355c07748bd28246a802dedc6fdf7421.jpg, createdBy=4cfd1732073, createdName=0348, createdTime=Sat Aug 11 06:24:55 CST 2018, time=2018-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1715894, encodeId=897b1e158944e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbb3510166c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心慌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51016, encryptionId=dbb3510166c, topicName=心慌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8fc732091231, createdName=Boyinsh, createdTime=Tue Aug 21 22:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=294209, encodeId=f3b9294209aa, content=为什么不和国际接轨?多生产些儿童剂型!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKibA62IFMeUJEmSyIe8DvYFeERuOsfrRd8iano7nENqQU1dRR3tqeQOUL3eqgYgEZRT2t2iaEsib0JEw/132, createdBy=66771693911, createdName=易水河, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 15:32:47 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1385916, encodeId=87ba13859166b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8d8e2808e9e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#儿科医生#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28087, encryptionId=8d8e2808e9e, topicName=儿科医生)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a5712500001, createdName=晓辰, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 03:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1622862, encodeId=d0c6162286209, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0028284562c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#儿童药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28456, encryptionId=0028284562c, topicName=儿童药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Thu Mar 08 03:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=293590, encodeId=19de293590f0, content=阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/09/07/a9772c74ffd6edc03a7f9af07b4747f6.jpg, createdBy=b3722138742, createdName=sunfeifeiyang, createdTime=Tue Mar 06 13:58:50 CST 2018, time=2018-03-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-03-06 sunfeifeiyang

    0

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