World Allergy Organ J:青少年和成人特应性皮炎的流行病学特征和影响

2022-02-22 医路坦克 MedSci原创

特应性皮炎(AD)是一种炎症性慢性皮肤病,这项研究通过对青少年和成人特应性皮炎患者的深入临床和经济学特征,增加了得到充分支持的数据,并显示了特应性皮炎对患者及其家人的高度影响和影响。

特应性皮炎(AD)是一种炎症性慢性皮肤病,常伴有其他特应性表现,对儿童和成人均有影响。它被认为是最常见的慢性皮肤病之一,多项研究记录了这种疾病的高危害,对公众健康产生了重要影响。

AD的影响与睡眠障碍、对社会功能的影响和职业选择有关,导致生活质量下降。同样,在成年AD患者中,不仅包括皮肤症状,还包括精神健康受损和工作效率降低。事实上,这种影响在病情严重的成年人中更高,据报道,在10%-34%的成年患者中。

据描述,在过去的40年里,由于生活方式和环境因素,AD在几个欧洲发达国家的患病率一直在上升,但在亚洲、非洲、拉丁美洲和中东的发展中国家也在增加;更有可能是因为城市化、污染、西方饮食消费和肥胖。这种上升本身就给患者和亲属带来了重大的社会心理和经济影响,这也导致了全球皮肤病影响的增加。

AD的治疗不仅需要药物治疗。它还涉及除交通或住宿支出外,使用护肤品和每日使用润肤剂,以及没有完全报销的医疗和心理咨询。因此,这项研究的目的是描述哥伦比亚儿童和成人患者的重要社会人口学和临床特征以及疾病给患者及其家人造成的经济影响,以便为AD数据做出贡献。这些信息不仅对深入描述这一群体及其需求很重要,而且对于在设计更有效的AD管理战略也是至关重要的。

这是一项对212名患者的横断面研究,包括社会人口学和临床测量数据。采用Hanifin和Rajka的诊断标准,收集与疾病分布、疾病严重程度(通过BSA:体表面积;EASI:湿疹面积和严重程度指数;SCORAD:特应性皮炎评分)、Fitzpatrick皮肤照片类型、个人和熟悉的过敏性疾病病史、既往治疗和个人合并症史有关的数据。

   患者年龄12~76岁,女性占52.8%。疾病分布以屈曲侧为主(19.6%)。青少年发病早、Denni-Morgan折叠率高、感染倾向高。诊断的平均年龄为12岁,AD的诊断主要由皮肤科医生做出,48.1%(102名患者)报告饮酒,59%的患者是酗酒者。合并症有:慢性鼻炎(68.9%)、食物过敏(32.5%)、过敏性结膜炎(29.7%)、哮喘(28.8%)。大约81%的人收入低于896美元,59%的人每年投入6-30%的月度预算,40%的人工作或缺课。BSA、EASI和SCORAD受累平均得分分别为32.6、13.7和42.4。

   这项研究通过对青少年和成人特应性皮炎患者的深入临床和经济学特征,增加了得到充分支持的数据,并显示了特应性皮炎对患者及其家人的高度影响和影响。

文献来源:Sanclemente G,  Hernandez N,  Chaparro D,et al.Epidemiologic features and burden of atopic dermatitis in adolescent and adult patients: A cross-sectional multicenter study.World Allergy Organ J 2021 Dec;14(12)

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    2022-02-23 膀胱癌
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    2022-02-23 xugumin
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