Nat Neurosci:介导组织损伤和类抑郁状态引起的痛觉异常的神经基础不同

2021-03-15 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

不同的丘脑皮质环路PO→S1和PF→ACC分别抑制了与组织损伤和类抑郁状态相关的异位痛觉,从而为深入了解不同病因引起的病理性疼痛的电路基础提供了新的见解。

疼痛刺激是一系列复杂而不同的病因、遗传和环境因素组合的结果,它们共同参与特定的神经生物学过程。典型的身体疼痛可由物理因素引起,包括炎症活动和创伤,或由慢性精神疾病(例如抑郁症)。有证据表明,慢性疼痛和抑郁症状在临床上经常遇到,大多数抑郁症患者对传统止痛药的止痛效果不佳。这种治疗方法上的差异意味着与情感因素引起的疼痛相比,疼痛与组织损伤的机制是分开的,尽管到目前为止,这些机制仍不清楚。中国科学技术大学生命科学与医学系研究团队发现是组织损伤和类抑郁状态引起的痛觉异常的基础是不同的丘脑皮质环路,研究成功发表在近期的Nat Neurosci

在人类中,组织损伤和抑郁都会导致疼痛过敏,但这是否涉及不同的回路尚不清楚。在这里,该研究在雄性小鼠中发现了两个独立的谷氨酸能神经元回路:从丘脑后核(POGlu)到初级躯体感觉皮层谷氨酸能神经元(S1Glu)的投射介导了组织损伤引起的痛觉异常,而从丘脑束旁核(PFGlu)到扣带回前部GABA神经元到谷氨酸能神经元(ACCGABA-Glu)的通路则介导了与类抑郁状态相关的痛觉异常。体内钙成像和多路四极电生理记录显示,POGluPFGlu群体在这两种条件下经历了不同的适应。人工操作每个回路都会影响由组织损伤或类抑郁状态引起的异位痛觉,但不是两者兼有。该研究表明,不同的丘脑皮质环路POGlu→S1GluPFGlu→ACCGABA-Glu分别抑制了与组织损伤和类抑郁状态相关的异位痛觉,从而为深入了解不同病因引起的病理性疼痛的电路基础提供了新的见解。

不同的丘脑皮质环路是由组织损伤和类抑郁状态引起的痛觉异常的基础。在组织损伤状态下,S1HL内发生了增强的兴奋过程,其中包括介导S1HLGlu(橙色)激活的POGlu(红色)输入增加。这些变化导致S1HLGlu神经元的高度兴奋,并可能导致疼痛。在抑郁状态下,回路涉及到ACCGABA(绿色)ACCGlu(橙色)神经元的PFGlu(蓝色)投射减少。ACCGlu神经元活性的增加是由于ACCGABA局部中间神经元通过接受减弱的PFGlu输入而受到抑制,从而产生抑郁和疼痛。PO,丘脑后核组;S1HL,后肢初级体感皮质;PF,束旁核;ACC,前扣带回皮质;Glu,谷氨酸;GABAγ-氨基丁酸。

该研究描绘了编码来自组织损伤和类抑郁状态的异位痛觉的独立的丘脑皮质回路。由于治疗食道疼痛的药理学选择仍然有限,这些发现可能为开发最佳治疗方法提供一个平台,包括使用针对这些独立但明显汇聚的途径的非药物方法。

原文出处:

Zhu Xia,Tang Hao-Di,Dong Wan-Ying et al. Distinct thalamocortical circuits underlie allodynia induced by tissue injury and by depression-like states.[J] .Nat Neurosci, 2021, undefined: undefined.

 

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    2021-08-06 liye789132251
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    2021-03-16 lsndxfj
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