Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol:达格列净对伴有和不伴有2型糖尿病的慢性肾脏疾病患者肾功能减退率的影响

2021-10-28 Naomii MedSci原创

与安慰剂相比,达格列净显著减缓了慢性肾病患者的长期EGFR下降。在2型糖尿病、高糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)和高UACR的患者中,接受达格列净治疗的患者与服用安慰剂的患者之间EGFR下降率的平均差异更大

    DAPA-CKD试验表明,钠-葡萄糖共转运体-2(SGLT2)抑制剂达格列净降低了患有和不患有2型糖尿病的广大慢性肾脏疾病患者发生肾衰竭的相对风险。使用临床二分法结果(如肾衰竭)进行的药物疗效评估主要对更有可能达到该结果的患者的治疗效果敏感。随着时间的推移,肾功能下降(肾小球滤过率[EGFR]下降率)是导致肾功能衰竭的原因。新出现的证据支持在慢性肾脏疾病进展的临床试验中,估计的肾小球滤过率(EGFR)下降率是肾功能衰竭的一个可行的替代物。与事件驱动分析(治疗效果主要取决于进展足够快的亚组以达到事件)相比,基于EGFR斜率的药物疗效估计更多。因此,通过评估达格列净对EGFR下降率的影响,可以全面了解该药物在所有患者中的疗效。

      然而,解释SGLT2抑制剂对EGFR下降率的影响面临着挑战。SGLT2抑制剂可引起(EGFR)的急性可逆性下降,停药后早期EGFR下降是可逆的,这表明SGLT2抑制剂在维持治疗过程中发挥了良好的血流动力学效应,与保护肾功能有关。研究整个随访期的EGFR下降率包含急性、慢性因素:一方面,治疗药物对长期肾功能的影响可能会被急性(即早期)、可逆的血流动力学效应冲淡。另一个方面使对GFR下降率的治疗效果的解释复杂化的因素是,在潜在疾病进展速度较快的患者中,一些治疗对下降率的影响可能会增加。如果达格列净的疗效在疾病进展较快的患者中增加,预计在参与试验之前进展较快的患者(即蛋白尿和/或收缩压基线水平较高的患者)会有更明显的效果。在慢性肾脏疾病患者中使用的一些干预措施,如膳食蛋白摄取和血管紧张素受体阻滞剂,已经观察到对疾病进展较快的患者的EGFR斜率的治疗效果比对那些疾病进展较慢的患者更大。近日,有研究人员评估了达格列净对估计肾小球滤过率(EGFR)变化率(即EGFR下降率)的影响。

      DAPA-CKD是一项随机对照试验,参与者年龄在18岁或以上,是否患有2型糖尿病,尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(UACR)为200-5000 mg/g,EGFR为25-75mL/min/1.73m²。

      参与者被随机分配(1:1),每天口服达格列净10毫克,或服用安慰剂,并添加到标准治疗中。

      在这项预先规定的分析中,使用混合效应模型分析了EGFR下降率,从基线到第2周(急性EGFR下降率)、第2周到治疗结束(慢性EGFR下降率)和从基线到治疗结束(EGFR总下降率)不同的下降率。

      DAPA-CKD已在ClinicalTrials.gov注册,NCT03036150,现已完成。


  • 在2017年2月2日至2020年4月3日期间,招募了4304名参与者,其中2152名(50%)被分配给达格列净组,2152名(50%)被分配给安慰剂。基线时,平均年龄为62岁(SD12),1 425名(331%)参与者为女性,2906名(67.5%)参与者患有2型糖尿病。中位随访时间2.3年(IQR 1·8~2·6)。
  • 从基线到治疗结束,在整个队列中,与安慰剂相比,达帕利嗪每年每1.73平方米每年可使EGFR下降0.95mL/min(95%可信区间为0.63至1.27)。
  • 在基线和第2周期间,与安慰剂相比,2型糖尿病患者的EGFR急性下降2.61mL/min/1.73m2(2.16~3.06),而非2型糖尿病患者的EGFR下降2.01mL/min/1.73m2(1.36~2.66);
  • 在第2周至治疗结束期间,与安慰剂相比,2型糖尿病患者的EGFR平均下降率(慢性EGFR斜率平均为2.26mL/min/1.73m²/年[1.88~2.64])比非2型糖尿病患者(1.29mL/min/1.73m²/年[0.73~1.85];p交互作用=0.0049)更大程度地降低了EGFR的下降率(每1.73平方米/年的慢性EGFR斜率平均为2.26mL/min[1.88~2.64]),而非2型糖尿病患者的EGFR下降率平均为1.29mL/min(每1.73平方米/年[0.73~1.85])。
  • 在基线至治疗结束期间,与安慰剂相比,达格列净对2型糖尿病患者总EGFR下降率的影响为1.18mL/min/1.73m2/年(0.79~1.56),而非2型糖尿病患者的EGFR下降率为0.46mL/min/1.73m2/年(-0.10~1.03;p交互作用=0.040)。
  • 基线糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)和糖化血红蛋白(UACR)越高,EGFR斜率越大;基线糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)和糖化血红蛋白(UACR)越高,达帕利嗪对EGFR斜率的影响也越明显。

       与安慰剂相比,达格列净显著减缓了慢性肾病患者的长期EGFR下降。在2型糖尿病、高糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)和高UACR的患者中,接受达格列净治疗的患者与服用安慰剂的患者之间EGFR下降率的平均差异更大。

文献来源:Heerspink HJL, Jongs N, Chertow GM, et al. Effect of dapagliflozin on the rate of decline in kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease with and without type 2 diabetes: a prespecified analysis from the DAPA-CKD trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021;9(11):743-754. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00242-4

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    2022-05-04 yese
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    2022-10-02 howi
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