SCIENCE:线粒体促进大脑发育期间神经元分化

2020-08-16 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

已有的研究显示,神经干细胞转化为神经元与细胞器的重塑有关,但至今为止,这是否以及如何与细胞命运变化相关还不太清楚。

已有的研究显示,神经干细胞转化为神经元与细胞器的重塑有关,但至今为止,这是否以及如何与细胞命运变化相关还不太清楚。

最近,研究人员在SCIENCE上发文报导其如何研究并操纵小鼠和人类皮质神经发生过程中的线粒体动态。

该研究揭示,在皮质干细胞分裂后不久,具有自我更新命运的子细胞会发生线粒体融合,而那些保留高水平线粒体裂变的细胞则成为神经元。线粒体裂变的增加促进了神经元的命运,而有丝分裂后线粒体融合的诱导则使子细胞重新走向自我更新。

以上所描述的现象发生在一个有限的时间窗口内,在人类细胞中,该时间窗口增加了一倍,与其增加的自我更新能力一致。

因此,本研究的数据揭示了线粒体动态与细胞命运相关联的细胞命运可塑性。这些数据表明,线粒体重塑在神经发生的分裂后阶段的重要性,而这一现象需要借助电子显微镜和代谢分析进行进一步的探索。

以前的数据强调,神经干细胞的命运决定在有丝分裂前。而本研究的数据揭示,细胞命运可塑性时期比原有的认知延长了很多,在神经干细胞有丝分裂后不久发生。这个时期在人类皮质祖细胞中比在小鼠皮质祖细胞长,这可能有助于人类细胞自我更新能力的增加。

高水平的线粒体裂变在新生神经元中可以导致不可逆的命运承诺,但是具体机制仍有待阐明。

 

原始出处:

Ryohei Iwata et al. Mitochondrial dynamics in postmitotic cells regulate neurogenesis, SCIENCE (2020). DOI: 10.1126/science.aba9760.

 

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    2020-08-18 neurowu
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    2020-08-18 jichang
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