European Radiology:膝关节骨关节炎髌下脂肪垫的定量MR评价

2022-04-16 shaosai MedSci原创

髌下脂肪垫(IFP)是膝关节前部的一个囊内、滑膜外结构,可减少附着部位的应力以及相邻结构间的剪切力,其体积与膝关节疼痛有关。

膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)的特点是膝关节疼痛和活动范围受限,在老年人中发病率较高。KOA的研究历来集中在软骨方面。然而,KOA是关节内不同结构相互作用的结果,并不仅仅是软骨的原因。此外,KOA的疼痛和机械功能障碍的机制并不明确,但多项研究指出KOA涉及到包括髌下脂肪垫(IFP)在内的所有关节结构的多种相互关联。

IFP是膝关节前部的一个囊内、滑膜外结构,可减少附着部位的应力以及相邻结构间的剪切力,其体积与膝关节疼痛有关。此外,最近的研究表明,滑膜和IFP都参与了膝关节各种病变的发病和进展,主要方式是通过免疫细胞和炎症因子的浸润。同时,IFP表现出纤维化和血管化的增加,其中纤维化是KOA患者IFP的最典型特征之一。因此,IFP不仅仅是一块脂肪组织,形态、组织和生化成分在KOA过程中起着重要的作用。

磁共振成像(MRI)可以对IFP进行无创评估,并已被用于许多KOA的临床或流行病学研究中。基于化学位移的水-脂分解MRI技术可以对不同组织中的质子密度脂肪分数(FF)进行空间分辨评估。这种技术能够使用类似Dixon的方法分离水和脂肪中质子的MRI信号,计算T2*弛豫时间。作为一种简单而快速的成像方法,改良的DIXON序列在临床MR扫描仪上广泛使用,所得到的参数FF和T2*被用于多项临床疾病评估。考虑到在KOA进展过程中IFP的炎症、血管化和纤维化过程,FF和T2*弛豫的交替可能与病理变化有关。然而,这些定量的MR技术还没有真正用于评估IFP。

近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究评估了FF和T2*检测KOAIFP变化的可行性和有效性,为临床常规IFP评估提供了新的无创便捷的影像学参数

共有90名志愿者(年龄范围为51-70岁,65名女性)参加了项研究。参与者根据Kellgren-Lawrence分级(KLG)进行分组。FF和T2*值的测量是基于三维修正的DXION技术。软骨缺损、骨髓病变和滑膜炎是根据改良版的全器官磁共振成像评分(WORMS)来评估。膝关节疼痛是通过自编的WOMAC问卷来评估。同时分析了FF和T2*测量的差异以及与WORMS和WOMAC评估的相关性。通过使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析了诊断效率。 

最终共纳入60个膝关节(每组n=20)。无OA组、轻度OA组和晚期OA组的FF值分别为82.6±3.7%、74.7±5.4%和60.5±14.1%,T2*值分别为50.7±6.6 ms、44.1±6.6 ms和39.1±4.2 ms(所有P值<0.001)。WORMS评估和WOMAC疼痛评估显示与FF和T2*值负相关。ROC显示,使用FF诊断OA的曲线下面积(AUC)、敏感性和特异性分别为0.93、77.5%和100%,使用T2*则为0.86、75.0%和90.0%。 


 两个具有代表性的不同程度的关节炎患者的FF和T2*测量。ROI是根据IFP的边缘划定的。53岁女性,患有KLG2,FF和T2*值分别为86.9%和50.9ms(a, b)。60岁男性,患有KLG4,FF和T2*值分别为55.3%和31.3ms(c, d)

本研究表明,在IFP中使用mDIXON技术的FF和T2*改变与老年人的膝关节结构异常和临床症状有关,这表明这些成像标志物可以作为评估KOA进展的可靠工具,而FF的表现尤其值得注意。

原文出处

Yanjun Chen,Xintao Zhang,Mianwen Li,et al.Quantitative MR evaluation of the infrapatellar fat pad for knee osteoarthritis: using proton density fat fraction and T2* relaxation based on DIXON.DOI:10.1007/s00330-022-08561-5

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    2023-03-23 feather89
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    2022-07-08 lisa438
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    2022-04-15 lmm397
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    2022-04-15 huagfeg
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骨性膝关节炎(OA)是世界范围致残的主要原因,50岁以上的人群中有四分之一受到此疾病影响。