Neuroradiology:取栓后血管成形术和/或支架对ICAS的价值

2019-10-29 不详 网络

急性大血管闭塞性(emergent large vessel occlusion,ELVO)急性缺血性卒中是一种危急和致死性疾病。最近发表的随机对照试验显示支架取栓血管内治疗对前循环 ELVO 急性缺血性卒中是有效和安全的。

急性大血管闭塞性(emergent large vessel occlusion,ELVO)急性缺血性卒中是一种危急和致死性疾病。最近发表的随机对照试验显示支架取栓血管内治疗对前循环 ELVO 急性缺血性卒中是有效和安全的。在亚洲、非洲和西班牙裔血统人群卒中患者中,颅内大动脉动脉粥样硬化狭窄很常见。在中国,颅内动脉粥样硬化(intracranial atherosclerosis,ICAS)是最常见的卒中病因。

支架取栓装置能够取出血栓,但是不能治疗潜在的 ICAS。血管内治疗期间穿过颅内动脉的狭窄部位可能会取出来自于不稳定的血栓,并且对内膜造成损害,潜在增加再闭塞的风险,恶化患者的预后。ICAS 性急性卒中血管内治疗的策略应该不同于非 ICAS 患者。不过,据我们所知,这方面尚未被前瞻性研究系统性探讨过。虽然几个研究验乞过超急性卒中采用血管成形术联合/不联合支架治疗,血管成形术大部分是作为动脉内溶栓/机械性取栓仍持续闭塞的挽救性治疗技术以破碎栓子。ICAS 引起的 ELVO 患者再通治疗后采用紧急血管成形术联合支架/不联合支架是否安全和有益,仍然不清楚。

基于上述原因,2019年9月来自宣武医院的吴川杰等在Neuroradiology上公布了他们的研究结果,目的在于探讨潜在严重 ICAS 急性 ELVO 患者采用紧急血管成形术和/或支架治疗的影像学和临床预后。

该研究为多中心、前瞻性队列研究,连续纳入了机械取栓的前循环 ICAS ELVO 患者,比较了采用血管成形术和/或支架 vs 不采用这些治疗措施的疗效。判断潜在 ICAS 急性闭塞的方法为机械取栓手术后动脉狭窄程度仍>70%,具体方法包括通过引导导管动脉内注射血管扩张药物(尼莫地平)5-10min 后狭窄程度没有变化或加重。对于进行急性支架的患者,支架植入前立即给予300mg 氯吡格雷和300mg 阿司匹林(手术前未服用者),双联抗血小板持续90天。手术期间酌情动脉内给予替罗非班。主要终点为24h 再通率,定义为modified arterial occlusive lesion score 2或3分。

工113例潜在 ICAS>70% 的前循环患者纳入该研究。其中,81例(71.7%)于取栓后接受了紧急血管成形术和/或支架。紧急血管成形术和/或支架组24h 再通率更高(aOR, 3.782; 95% CI, 1.821–9.125; P = 0.02),神经功能恶化的比例更低(aOR, 0.299; 95% CI, 0.110–0.821; P = 0.01)。不过,与未接受紧急血管成形术和/或支架的ICAS 患者相比,紧急血管成形术和/或支架患者的症状性颅内出血、90天死亡和功能独立没有差异。

最终作者认为紧急血管成形术和/或支架可以用于 ELVO 合并 ICAS 的患者,可能降低再闭塞和神经功能恶化的风险,不增加颅内出血和死亡风险。

原始出处:Wu C1, Chang W2, Wu D3, et al. Angioplasty and/or stenting after thrombectomy in patients with underlying intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. Neuroradiology. 2019 Sep;61(9):1073-1081. 

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    2019-10-30 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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    2019-10-30 手留余香
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    2019-10-30 yaanren

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