ASCO 2015:黑色素瘤,口腔癌,脑转移癌以及儿童癌症的新近进展

2015-06-01 范伟 译 MedSci原创

2015年5月31日,芝加哥——第51届美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)会上提供了:关于儿童癌症生存期不积极治疗的影响;口腔癌手术的最佳时机;脑转移癌患者整个大脑辐射使用的长期的、结论性答案。另一项研究提供了针对黑色素瘤患者强有效的新免疫治疗选择。所有四项研究在ASCO的全体会议上发布,这些特征研究最可能影响患者的治疗。在美国,这些有望立即影响肿瘤治疗的临床实践的进展,将带来患者生存期和生活质量的改善

2015年5月31日,芝加哥——第51届美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)会上提供了:关于儿童癌症生存期不积极治疗的影响;口腔癌手术的最佳时机;脑转移癌患者整个大脑辐射使用的长期的、结论性答案。另一项研究提供了针对黑色素瘤患者强有效的新免疫治疗选择。所有四项研究在ASCO的全体会议上发布,这些特征研究最可能影响患者的治疗。

在美国,这些有望立即影响肿瘤治疗的临床实践的进展,将带来患者生存期和生活质量的改善。此外,在亚洲和口腔癌常见的世界其它地区的患者,这一发现将对口腔癌手术可带来深远的效益。两项试验均通过国家卫生研究院(National Institutes of Health)得到联邦政府的资助。

“尽管取得了巨大的进展,医生仍然总是不能知道,利处大于可能的副作用的积极治疗的具体时间”ASCO专家,医学博士,Jyoti D. Patel说。”对于目前的研究,我们考虑口腔癌手术或对癌症扩散到大脑的患者进行放疗时,终于有结论性的答案。同时,很明显地,对于儿童癌症生存者不积极治疗将花费更多精力。即使免疫治疗黑色素瘤有了新进展,这种疾病已经改变了我们的方法,目前的发现仍强调我们正在进行的研究的必要性。今天的简介表明有些患者使用一种治疗方法会很好:能避免联合用药的副作用。”

研究包括:

先前未经治疗的晚期黑色素瘤患者,nivolumab单药和联合ipilimumab相比ipilimumab单药更有效地延缓了癌症的进展。这是比较免疫检验抑制剂与ipilimumab联合使用或单独使用的首个III期临床试验。

分析超过34000 名5年儿童癌症生存者治疗超过三十年,发现现代治疗减少了长期死亡率。这样的进展归因于精致的治疗方法,这包括第二癌症以及心脏和肺部疾病有关死亡率的降低 。

随机III期研究发现,选择性颈部淋巴结手术针对早期口腔癌患者降低了癌症的复发风险,提高了生存期。口腔癌全世界范围内均有发生,但在烟草使用较高的国家尤为常见。

1 - 3小脑转移接受放射外科手术然后进行全脑放射治疗的患者相比那些仅接受放射外科手术的患者更可能经历认知能力的下降 。

原始出处:

Online Annual Meeting Media Resource Center: Visit ASCO.org/AMMRC for press releases, the press briefing schedule, embargo policies, high-resolution photos, and the Virtual Press Room, an online repository of corporate and institutional press materials from third-party organizations.

CancerProgress.Net: ASCO’s interactive website chronicling the progress achieved in clinical cancer research, including an in-depth timeline that tracks major research milestones in 18 of the most common cancers.

Cancer.Net: ASCO’s cancer information website for patients, providing doctor-approved information on more than 120 cancer types.

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    2015-08-03 kcb069
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    2015-08-10 quxin068
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    2015-08-10 sunylz
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