Endocrine:多囊卵巢综合征患者的焦虑、抑郁和对食物的渴望与肥胖和雄激素过多有关

2023-07-15 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创 发表于上海

多囊卵巢综合征(Polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS)是育龄期女性最常见的内分泌紊乱,估计患病率为9%-18%,以西方国家发病率最高。

背景:多囊卵巢综合征(Polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS)是育龄期女性最常见的内分泌紊乱的疾病,估计患病率为9%-18%,以西方国家发病率最高。根据美国国家儿童健康与发展研究所(2003年修订版共识)指出,在没有其他已知内分泌疾病的情况下,PCOS的诊断需要临床或生化证据表明雄激素分泌过多合并少经或闭经。肥胖、胰岛素抵抗(IR)、高胰岛素血症、代谢综合征是PCOS常见的合并症。

除了内分泌功能障碍外,PCOS似乎还影响患者的心理状态。研究表明,肥胖、痤疮、多毛等与身体形象差和自卑有关,导致过度焦虑、抑郁和饮食紊乱,如食欲增加和暴饮暴食。此外,除了身体上的改变,IR、胃泌素和胆囊收缩素分泌受损在内的激素紊乱也可能导致PCOS患者出现心理和饮食障碍。此外,已经发现睾酮水平升高会导致暴食,而抗雄激素治疗可以改善。因此,饮食紊乱会导致肥胖、IR和代谢综合征的进一步恶化,从而形成永久的恶性循环。

目的:探讨PCOS与情绪和饮食障碍的关系,并探讨后者与肥胖和高雄激素症的潜在关系。

方法:共纳入81例研究对象,其中PCOS患者49例(60.5%),健康对照32例(39.5%)。采用进食态度测试(EAT)-26、贝克抑郁量表- ii (BDI-II)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAS)和食物渴望问卷-特质(FCQ-T)对情绪和饮食障碍进行评估。

结果:两组在年龄、BMI、HOMA2-IR方面无显著差异。PCOS女性DHEA-S (p<0.0001)、Δ4Α (p<0.0001)和睾酮(p<0.0001)均显著升高(p<0.0001)。当两组根据BMI进行亚分类时,瘦型PCOS(BMI<25kg/m2)或超重型PCOS(BMI≥25kg/m2)人群在EAT-26和HAS方面没有发现显着差异。BDI-II与肥胖(超重型PCOS vs瘦型PCOS:18 vs 16.5;p=0.037)和雄激素过多(超重型PCOS vs超重对照组:18 vs13;p < 0.0001;瘦型PCOS vs超重对照组:16.5vs13;p=0.01)有关,与DHEA-S (r=0.305;p=0.006)、Δ4Α (r=0.259;p=0.02)、睾酮(r=0.328;p=0.003)均无显著相关性。FCQ-T与肥胖相关(超重型PCOS vs瘦型PCOS: 53vs28.5;p < 0.0001;超重对照组 vs瘦型PCOS: 40vs28.5;p<0.0001),而与BMI (r=0.593;p=0.0001)、腰围(r=0.554;p=0.0001)和HOMA2-IR (r=0.328;p=0.003)相关。

图1对照组和多囊卵巢综合征患者BDI-II在肥胖状况方面的差异

图2对照和多囊卵巢综合征患者FCQ-T在肥胖状态方面的差异

结论:肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和高雄激素血症增加了PCOS患者抑郁的风险和食欲,进而导致肥胖和代谢综合征进一步加重的恶性循环

原文出处:

Stefanaki K,  Karagiannakis DS,  Raftopoulou M, Obesity and hyperandrogenism are implicated with anxiety, depression and food cravings in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Endocrine 2023 Jun 30

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    2023-09-20 ms5000000747238967 来自河北省

    这也搞吞评一套?

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158752, encodeId=971b2158e5290, content=这也搞吞评一套?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:43:20 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158751, encodeId=13242158e517c, content=我的评论呢?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:42:51 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158750, encodeId=8eac2158e50b6, content=期待此病被研究的透若细眼筛,被此病所累的女子们能高质量生存着!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:42:38 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158753, encodeId=79c42158e5392, content=果真吞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:43:34 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148242, encodeId=b4ae2148242bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=800d4315123' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多囊卵巢综合征#</a>患者的<a href='/topic/show?id=87206e28215' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#焦虑#</a>、<a href='/topic/show?id=0a0b5496306' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑郁#</a>和对食物的渴望与<a href='/topic/show?id=3ad9818917c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肥胖#</a>和<a href='/topic/show?id=53d4986867f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#雄激素#</a>过多有关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43151, encryptionId=800d4315123, topicName=多囊卵巢综合征), TopicDto(id=67282, encryptionId=87206e28215, topicName=焦虑), TopicDto(id=54963, encryptionId=0a0b5496306, topicName=抑郁), TopicDto(id=81891, encryptionId=3ad9818917c, topicName=肥胖), TopicDto(id=98686, encryptionId=53d4986867f, topicName=雄激素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=侠胆医心, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 06:54:44 CST 2023, time=2023-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=加利福尼亚), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148237, encodeId=0ea6214823ed2, content=多囊卵巢综合征(Polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS)是育龄期女性最常见的内分泌紊乱的疾病,估计患病率为9%-18%,以西方国家发病率最高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210925/20274508595745adb221d4af84f71a30/44cac845ab1e4a3a81ff3fe6373b97b0.jpg, createdBy=2a601767050, createdName=Mongolian, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 05:58:31 CST 2023, time=2023-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=内蒙古), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148210, encodeId=401c21482106d, content=签到学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211111/81c0b64745c644319545ec26d7ef0b34/9ddb2864d5df4dd9bf4305e380bffc96.jpg, createdBy=c7835705079, createdName=屋顶瞄爱赏月, createdTime=Sat Jul 15 21:53:48 CST 2023, time=2023-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=贵州省)]
    2023-09-20 ms5000000747238967 来自河北省

    我的评论呢?

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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158752, encodeId=971b2158e5290, content=这也搞吞评一套?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:43:20 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158751, encodeId=13242158e517c, content=我的评论呢?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:42:51 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158750, encodeId=8eac2158e50b6, content=期待此病被研究的透若细眼筛,被此病所累的女子们能高质量生存着!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:42:38 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158753, encodeId=79c42158e5392, content=果真吞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:43:34 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148242, encodeId=b4ae2148242bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=800d4315123' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多囊卵巢综合征#</a>患者的<a href='/topic/show?id=87206e28215' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#焦虑#</a>、<a href='/topic/show?id=0a0b5496306' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑郁#</a>和对食物的渴望与<a href='/topic/show?id=3ad9818917c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肥胖#</a>和<a href='/topic/show?id=53d4986867f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#雄激素#</a>过多有关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43151, encryptionId=800d4315123, topicName=多囊卵巢综合征), TopicDto(id=67282, encryptionId=87206e28215, topicName=焦虑), TopicDto(id=54963, encryptionId=0a0b5496306, topicName=抑郁), TopicDto(id=81891, encryptionId=3ad9818917c, topicName=肥胖), TopicDto(id=98686, encryptionId=53d4986867f, topicName=雄激素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=侠胆医心, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 06:54:44 CST 2023, time=2023-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=加利福尼亚), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148237, encodeId=0ea6214823ed2, content=多囊卵巢综合征(Polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS)是育龄期女性最常见的内分泌紊乱的疾病,估计患病率为9%-18%,以西方国家发病率最高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210925/20274508595745adb221d4af84f71a30/44cac845ab1e4a3a81ff3fe6373b97b0.jpg, createdBy=2a601767050, createdName=Mongolian, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 05:58:31 CST 2023, time=2023-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=内蒙古), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148210, encodeId=401c21482106d, content=签到学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211111/81c0b64745c644319545ec26d7ef0b34/9ddb2864d5df4dd9bf4305e380bffc96.jpg, createdBy=c7835705079, createdName=屋顶瞄爱赏月, createdTime=Sat Jul 15 21:53:48 CST 2023, time=2023-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=贵州省)]
    2023-09-20 ms5000000747238967 来自河北省

    期待此病被研究的透若细眼筛,被此病所累的女子们能高质量生存着!

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158752, encodeId=971b2158e5290, content=这也搞吞评一套?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:43:20 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158751, encodeId=13242158e517c, content=我的评论呢?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:42:51 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158750, encodeId=8eac2158e50b6, content=期待此病被研究的透若细眼筛,被此病所累的女子们能高质量生存着!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:42:38 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158753, encodeId=79c42158e5392, content=果真吞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:43:34 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148242, encodeId=b4ae2148242bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=800d4315123' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多囊卵巢综合征#</a>患者的<a href='/topic/show?id=87206e28215' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#焦虑#</a>、<a href='/topic/show?id=0a0b5496306' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑郁#</a>和对食物的渴望与<a href='/topic/show?id=3ad9818917c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肥胖#</a>和<a href='/topic/show?id=53d4986867f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#雄激素#</a>过多有关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43151, encryptionId=800d4315123, topicName=多囊卵巢综合征), TopicDto(id=67282, encryptionId=87206e28215, topicName=焦虑), TopicDto(id=54963, encryptionId=0a0b5496306, topicName=抑郁), TopicDto(id=81891, encryptionId=3ad9818917c, topicName=肥胖), TopicDto(id=98686, encryptionId=53d4986867f, topicName=雄激素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=侠胆医心, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 06:54:44 CST 2023, time=2023-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=加利福尼亚), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148237, encodeId=0ea6214823ed2, content=多囊卵巢综合征(Polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS)是育龄期女性最常见的内分泌紊乱的疾病,估计患病率为9%-18%,以西方国家发病率最高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210925/20274508595745adb221d4af84f71a30/44cac845ab1e4a3a81ff3fe6373b97b0.jpg, createdBy=2a601767050, createdName=Mongolian, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 05:58:31 CST 2023, time=2023-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=内蒙古), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148210, encodeId=401c21482106d, content=签到学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211111/81c0b64745c644319545ec26d7ef0b34/9ddb2864d5df4dd9bf4305e380bffc96.jpg, createdBy=c7835705079, createdName=屋顶瞄爱赏月, createdTime=Sat Jul 15 21:53:48 CST 2023, time=2023-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=贵州省)]
    2023-09-20 ms5000000747238967 来自河北省

    果真吞

    0

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    2023-07-16 侠胆医心 来自加利福尼亚

    #多囊卵巢综合征#患者的#焦虑##抑郁#和对食物的渴望与#肥胖##雄激素#过多有关

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158752, encodeId=971b2158e5290, content=这也搞吞评一套?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:43:20 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158751, encodeId=13242158e517c, content=我的评论呢?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:42:51 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158750, encodeId=8eac2158e50b6, content=期待此病被研究的透若细眼筛,被此病所累的女子们能高质量生存着!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:42:38 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2158753, encodeId=79c42158e5392, content=果真吞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3ddd8400200, createdName=ms5000000747238967, createdTime=Wed Sep 20 16:43:34 CST 2023, time=2023-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148242, encodeId=b4ae2148242bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=800d4315123' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多囊卵巢综合征#</a>患者的<a href='/topic/show?id=87206e28215' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#焦虑#</a>、<a href='/topic/show?id=0a0b5496306' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑郁#</a>和对食物的渴望与<a href='/topic/show?id=3ad9818917c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肥胖#</a>和<a href='/topic/show?id=53d4986867f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#雄激素#</a>过多有关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43151, encryptionId=800d4315123, topicName=多囊卵巢综合征), TopicDto(id=67282, encryptionId=87206e28215, topicName=焦虑), TopicDto(id=54963, encryptionId=0a0b5496306, topicName=抑郁), TopicDto(id=81891, encryptionId=3ad9818917c, topicName=肥胖), TopicDto(id=98686, encryptionId=53d4986867f, topicName=雄激素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=侠胆医心, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 06:54:44 CST 2023, time=2023-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=加利福尼亚), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148237, encodeId=0ea6214823ed2, content=多囊卵巢综合征(Polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS)是育龄期女性最常见的内分泌紊乱的疾病,估计患病率为9%-18%,以西方国家发病率最高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210925/20274508595745adb221d4af84f71a30/44cac845ab1e4a3a81ff3fe6373b97b0.jpg, createdBy=2a601767050, createdName=Mongolian, createdTime=Sun Jul 16 05:58:31 CST 2023, time=2023-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=内蒙古), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2148210, encodeId=401c21482106d, content=签到学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211111/81c0b64745c644319545ec26d7ef0b34/9ddb2864d5df4dd9bf4305e380bffc96.jpg, createdBy=c7835705079, createdName=屋顶瞄爱赏月, createdTime=Sat Jul 15 21:53:48 CST 2023, time=2023-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=贵州省)]
    2023-07-16 Mongolian 来自内蒙古

    多囊卵巢综合征(Polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS)是育龄期女性最常见的内分泌紊乱的疾病,估计患病率为9%-18%,以西方国家发病率最高

    0

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    2023-07-15 屋顶瞄爱赏月 来自贵州省

    签到学习

    0

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