PLoS Med:带薪产假越长,新生儿死亡率越低

2016-03-31 zhaozhou 译 MedSci原创

 在高收入国家中,产假降低了新生儿和婴儿的死亡率。但是,在低中收入国家中产假对于婴儿健康的影响尚未有过严格的评估。因此,有必要研究低中收入国家的产假的对婴儿死亡率的影响。研究人员使用了双重差分的方法来评价低中收入国家的带薪产假政策是否影响了婴儿的死亡率。 研究人员分析了2000年到2008年间二十个国家的大约三十万名新生儿的生育史数据。这些观测数据与每个国家所提供的带薪产假的时

在高收入国家中,产假降低了新生儿和婴儿的死亡率。但是,在低中收入国家中产假对于婴儿健康的影响尚未有过严格的评估。因此,有必要研究低中收入国家的产假的对婴儿死亡率的影响。研究人员使用了双重差分的方法来评价低中收入国家的带薪产假政策是否影响了婴儿的死亡率。
 

研究人员分析了2000年到2008年间二十个国家的大约三十万名新生儿的生育史数据。这些观测数据与每个国家所提供的带薪产假的时间的纵向信息相合并。研究人员评估了前一年产假增加对婴儿(小于一岁)、新生儿(小于28天)和后新生儿时期(28天到一年)的死亡率。在研究期间,三者的平均死亡率为55.2,33.7和23.0每***。每额外多一个月的带薪产假,则每***新生儿中死亡数少7.9,反应率一个13%的相对减少。婴儿死亡率降低和新生儿出生28天后的带薪产假延长有关。
 
这些研究表明,在低中等收入国家,更慷慨的带薪产假政策代表了一种潜在的手段来促进早年生活干预和降低婴儿死亡率。从政策制定角度来看,仍需要进一步的研究来阐明带薪产假降低婴儿死亡率的机制。

原始出处:

Nandi A, Hajizadeh M, Harper S, Koski A, Strumpf EC, et al. (2016) Increased Duration of Paid Maternity Leave Lowers Infant Mortality in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Quasi-Experimental Study. PLoS Med 13(3): e1001985. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001985

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