ESMO 2022:T-DXd治疗乳腺癌不仅能提高生存,还能改善生活质量(DESTINY-Breast04研究)

2022-09-12 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

DESTINY-Breast04(NCT03734029)显示,在HER2低表达转移性乳腺癌(MBC)患者中,无论激素受体(HR)状态如何,T-DXd可相较于医生选择化疗(TPC)改善患者的无进展生存

DESTINY-Breast04(NCT03734029)显示,在HER2低表达转移性乳腺癌(MBC)患者中,无论激素受体(HR)状态如何,T-DXd可相较于医生选择化疗(TPC)改善患者的无进展生存期和总生存期,且没有出现新的不良事件。此处报告了HR+队列中T-DXd对比TPC治疗对患者健康相关生活质量(QoL)的影响。

DESTINY-Breast04 研究 是一项全球 208 个中心的 III 期随机对照研究,中国也有 21 个中心共同参与其中。研究计划入组 540 例 HER2 低表达(IHC 2+且 ISH− 或 IHC 1+)、既往接受过 1 或 2 线化疗的不可切除或转移性乳腺癌患者,按照 2:1 比例随机分配至 T-DXd 组(5.4 mg/kg,IV,q3w)或研究者选择方案组(卡培他滨、艾立布林、吉西他滨、紫杉醇或白紫);主要终点是独立盲法中心(BICR)评估 HR 阳性、HER2 低表达患者的 PFS。关键次要终点(在主要终点之后进行分层测试)包括 BICR 在完整分析集中(HR+/−) HR+ mBC 患者的无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存(OS)。此前结果见:NEJM:新型HER2-ADC Enhertu打破HER2低表达的乳腺癌治疗困境(DESTINY-Breast04)

此次在ESMO会议上报道了PRO次要结果。PRO使用欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织的生活质量问卷(EORTC QLQ-C30,主要变量:全球健康状况[GHS]/QoL量表评分;EORTC QLQ-BR23)和EuroQoL 5维、5级(EQ-5D-5L)视觉模拟量表(VAS)评估患者报告结局(PROs)。根据方案在预先指定的时间点评估PROs。评估自基线变化(CFB)和至明确恶化时间(TDD)。恶化定义为:评分≥10分。

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结果显示,在两组中,基线时的问卷调查依从性>92%,第2-27周期时>80%。T-DXd组和TPC组患者的基线GHS评分分别为36.3±21.8和37.8±21.5。在T-DXd组(n=331)治疗达27周期、TPC组(n=163)治疗达13周期的过程中,两组患者的QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL自基线变化(CFB)随着时间的推移保持稳定(±10)。在这些治疗周期之后,接受治疗的患者数量(<10%)较少,无法提供信息。

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T-DXd组的中位QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL至明确恶化时间(TDD)为11.4个月,而TPC为7.5个月(HR 0.69,95%CI:0.52~0.92;P=0.0096)。在QLQ-C30子量表中:T-DXd组和TPC组的疼痛TDD分别为16.4.个月和6.1个月(HR 0.40,95%CI:0.30~0.54,P<0.0001);此外,T-DXd组的躯体功能(HR 0.53)、情绪功能(HR 0.69)、社会功能(HR 0.59)、疲劳(HR 0.61)TDD均相较于TPC有显著获益。

根据QLQ-BR23评估手臂症状,T-DXd组的TDD也较TPC组有显著延长(14.4 vs 8.7个月;HR 0.62,95%CI:0.45~0.85,P=0.0027)。根据EQ-5D-5L评估的健康相关状态,T-DXd组的TDD同样较TPC组有显著延长(12.0 vs 6.8个月;HR 0.73,95%CI:0.54~0.97,P=0.0228)

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上述结果显示,T-DXd治疗期间的患者,几乎所有预设的QLQ-C30子量表中,GHS/QoL维持时间均长于TPC。这些获益结果与研究的主要终点获益保持一致,证实了HER2低表达MBC患者接受T-DXd治疗时相较于TPC治疗的生存和生活质量获益。

DESTINY-Breast04研究是一项T-DXd(DS8201a)对比医生选择化疗(TPC)用于治疗HER2低表达转移乳腺癌(MBC)患者的随机III期研究。该研究入组患者为IHC 1+或IHC 2+/ISH−的不可切除和/或转移性乳腺癌,且在既往接受过针对转移性疾病1-2线化疗。既往中期分析结果显示达到主要终点(HR阳性患者PFS):与TPC组相比,T-DXd治疗可显著延长HER2低表达患者的PFS(10.1个月vs 5.4个月,P<0.0001),且无新增的不良事件。

此次ESMO进一步报道了DESTINY-Breast04研究的次要终点,即HR阳性患者的患者报告结局(PROs)相关数据。研究采用EORTC QLQ-C30、EORTC QLQ-BR23、EQ-5D-5L等量表进行PRO评估。主要评价这些量表得分自基线以来的变化(CFB)、以及各种症状或健康状态的至恶化时间(TDD,评分≥10分)。PROs是患者对健康状况、功能状态以及治疗感受的自我报告。通过PROs可获得其他研究指标无法提供的关于QoL的数据,并从PFS、OS等常用评价指标以外,对患者的自身治疗获益、感受进行评价。对于乳腺癌等生存期较长的恶性肿瘤患者来说,PROs尤为重要,是对生存获益以外的重要补充。

结果显示两组基线时的问卷调查依从性>92%,治疗周期越靠前,患者依从性越好,这一点与临床实际相符合。T-DXd组和TPC组患者的基线GHS评分分别为36.3和37.8。T-DXd疗效好,治疗周期也长,在T-DXd组治疗(27周期)、TPC组(13周期)的过程中,两组患者的QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL自基线变化(CFB)随着时间的推移保持稳定(±10)。但在这些治疗周期之后,接受治疗的患者数量(<10%)则较少,因此无法提供继续分析的信息。

PRO数据较为繁杂,但是却都是经过统计学的验证,即从不同维度的评价指标中,均倾向于T-DXd有更好的获益,能够客观反映T-DXd治疗对患者生存和生活质量的“双赢”结果。

间质性肺炎(ILD)是T-DXd较为严重的并发症,但是经过合理的适应人群的筛选,对出现的症状进行筛查和及时的处理,ILD是可控的。

DESTINY-Breast04研究PROs分析中,EORTC QLQ-C30、EORTC QLQ-BR23、EQ-5D-5L等量表是来自欧洲等国际上常用的量表,可能并不完全适合于中国患者,即这些量表在中国应用时可能存在 “水土不服”的情况,未来需要我们落地化的操作。中国药品监督管理局也开始认可PROs的理念,认为其可作为真实世界研究数据的来源,可以为临床实践进行有效的指导。2022年,我国也出台了专门对标国际PROs数据落地中国的不同量表进行考量的相关分析。DB-04研究PROs数据对中国PROs的开展和完善中国量表给予了非常好的提示。

该研究另一重要意义在于明确了新药研发上市,不仅着眼于批准的适应证,同时也要对不良反应进行充分评估,以此来对“净获益”进行考量。尤其是对预后相对较好的乳腺癌患者群体中,PROs的评估对中国临床实践的指导更加有意义。

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    2023-01-12 liuhuangbo
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    2022-10-04 xiangyuzhou971
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    2022-09-13 zhang92560
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024949, encodeId=ddb62024949ad, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c27516459de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SMO#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16459, encryptionId=c27516459de, topicName=SMO)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6779163, createdName=liuhuangbo, createdTime=Thu Jan 12 03:46:10 CST 2023, time=2023-01-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1713117, encodeId=db961e13117be, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a1c289680' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2896, encryptionId=9a1c289680, topicName=AST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9831894722, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Sat Dec 10 22:46:10 CST 2022, time=2022-12-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2051858, encodeId=9296205185854, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95f8e042dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7042, encryptionId=95f8e042dd, topicName=EST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9a6357, createdName=xiangyuzhou971, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 03:46:10 CST 2022, time=2022-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1281086, encodeId=ae381281086e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=50d6e0215a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ESMO#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7021, encryptionId=50d6e0215a, topicName=ESMO)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7460166, createdName=zhang92560, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 19:46:10 CST 2022, time=2022-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1351122, encodeId=6c571351122d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=12e43e1263' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Breast#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3712, encryptionId=12e43e1263, topicName=Breast)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 19:46:10 CST 2022, time=2022-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1558560, encodeId=8532155856080, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b68a586365' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DES#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5863, encryptionId=b68a586365, topicName=DES)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=432c14994935, createdName=fusion, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 19:46:10 CST 2022, time=2022-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1564569, encodeId=2d2315645692a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b68a586365' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DES#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5863, encryptionId=b68a586365, topicName=DES)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=432c14994935, createdName=fusion, createdTime=Tue Sep 13 19:46:10 CST 2022, time=2022-09-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-09-13 zhaojie88
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    2022-09-13 fusion
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    2022-09-13 fusion

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