Sci China Life Sci:大规模散发主动脉夹层病人基因筛查揭示国人主动脉夹层新致病基因

2018-10-27 解说国自然 中国科学生命科学

主动脉夹层是心血管内科最危重和紧迫的一种急症,难以及时诊断,致死率高,预后差。有报道表明,主动脉夹层发病后48小时内,每延误一小时确诊,就会增加病人1%~2%的死亡率。该病起病隐匿,发病前无明显征兆,而一旦发病,病人却可以猝死。主动脉夹层的病因复杂,遗传性致病因素是其中的重要一环,在目前报道中约25%的病人可以在已知的13个主动脉夹层致病基因上找到致病突变。然而,主动脉夹层已知的致病基因主要发掘自

主动脉夹层是血管内科最危重和紧迫的一种急症,难以及时诊断,致死率高,预后差。有报道表明,主动脉夹层发病后48小时内,每延误一小时确诊,就会增加病人1%~2%的死亡率。该病起病隐匿,发病前无明显征兆,而一旦发病,病人却可以猝死。主动脉夹层的病因复杂,遗传性致病因素是其中的重要一环,在目前报道中约25%的病人可以在已知的13个主动脉夹层致病基因上找到致病突变。然而,主动脉夹层已知的致病基因主要发掘自欧美的家系研究,中国病人的致病基因突变谱尚不明确。并且,约80%的主动脉夹层病人是散发病例,目前已知的基于家系研究的致病基因是否可以充分解释散发病例的遗传性致病原因尚无答案。

华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院血管内科汪道文教授团队在Science China Life Sciences(《中国科学:生命科学》英文版)在线发表了题为“Atargeted sequencing approach to find novel pathogenic genes associated with sporadic aortic dissection”的研究论文,报道了702例中国散发主动脉夹层病人和163例匹配健康对照,基于152个主动脉夹层致病相关基因的大规模靶向测序研究。在本研究的702例散发病人中,基于严格的筛选标准,共筛查出了656个致病突变/可疑致病突变,共计可以解释61.25%(430/702)的散发主动脉夹层病人。其中,在既往13个基于家系研究的已知致病基因中,筛查出了21个报道过的致病突变和86个尚未报道的可疑致病突变;在139个候选致病基因中,筛查出了549个新的可疑致病突变,可以解释47.72%(335/702)的散发主动脉夹层病人。

在13个已知的致病基因中,既往欧美报道频率最高的是ACTA2基因,可以解释约14%的非汉裔家族性胸主动脉瘤/夹层病人,但在该研究的702例散发中国病人中,该基因仅可解释1.4%(6/702)的病人。在该研究中,累及最多的已知致病基因是FBN1基因,可以单独解释6.13%(43/702)的散发病人,这些病人发病年龄相对较早,临床表型较重;在候选致病基因中,累及最多的是胶原/胶原基质金属蛋白酶系统编码基因,可以解释31.05%(218/702)的病人,这部分病人发病年龄相对较大,临床表型较轻。约34.89%(150/430)找到遗传病因的病人携带一个以上的致病相关突变,携带突变较多的病人,发病年龄较早。

此外,该研究通过比较病例组和对照组中候选基因可疑致病突变负荷的差异,筛选出了一批以RNF213为代表的全新的主动脉夹层致病相关基因,并通过人主动脉组织转录组测序对筛选出的新基因进行了验证。该研究首次通过对大规模中国散发主动脉夹层病人和健康对照人群进行全面而系统的致病相关基因高通量测序,描绘出了中国散发主动脉夹层病人致病基因突变图谱,发掘出了一批全新的候选致病基因。

华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院心血管内科汪道文教授课题组的李宗哲博士为该论文的第一作者,汪道文教授为论文通讯作者,南京医科大学第一附属医院心内科汪道武教授为共同通讯作者。该研究得到国家自然科学基金和国家重点基础研究项目的资助。

原始出处:
Li, Z., Zhou, C., Tan, L., Chen, P., Cao, Y., Li, X., Yan, J., Zeng, H., Wang, D.W., and Wang, D.W. (2018). A targeted sequencing approach to find novel pathogenic genes associated with sporadic aortic dissection. Sci China Life Sci 61,

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    2019-09-14 ylz8403
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    2019-09-17 clmlylxy
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