Lancet Psychiatry:减少恐惧回避思想是治疗慢性疲劳综合征的关键因素

2015-01-15 孟秋君 译 医学论坛网

(2015年1月14日讯)根据一项新近的PACE试验数据分析显示,减少运动或活动恐惧使症状变得更糟,是决定认知行为疗法(CBT)或分级运动疗法(GET)成功与否的重要因素之一,这两种疗法可减轻慢性疲劳综合征(CFS)患者的疲劳,并改善他们的身体机能。该结论已发表于《柳叶刀精神病学》(The Lancet Psychiatry)杂志。 CFS(有时被称为肌痛性脑脊髓炎,ME)是一种表现为疲

(2015年1月14日讯)根据一项新近的PACE试验数据分析显示,减少运动或活动恐惧使症状变得更糟,是决定认知行为疗法(CBT)或分级运动疗法(GET)成功与否的重要因素之一,这两种疗法可减轻慢性疲劳综合征(CFS)患者的疲劳,并改善他们的身体机能。该结论已发表于《柳叶刀精神病学》(The Lancet Psychiatry)杂志。

CFS(有时被称为肌痛性脑脊髓炎,ME)是一种表现为疲惫,程度不一影响人类日常生活的疾病。 在英国,该疾病影响了约25万人口。CFS当前治疗只在减轻疲劳感,并改善机体功能(诸如提高患者的行走能力,或恢复大多数人认为理所当然的日常行动)。

在2011年柳叶刀杂志上发表的PACE试验为CFA患者研究了三种不同治疗方式的疗效,以此与常规专科保健(SMC)作对比:认知行为疗法(CBT是一种卫生健康辅助,可使患者理解并改变他们的思考方式,同时对他们的症状作出回应)、分级运动疗法(GET是一种个性化的循序渐进式运动项目,由理疗医师主导)和自适应起搏治疗(APT是指患者自身所具有的适应活动水平)。研究发现,CFS患者从CBT或GET中获益的程度要高于APT或SMC。

本项研究由来自英国伦敦大学玛丽皇后学院、牛津大学国王学院的Trudie Chalder教授发起,使用一种称为中介分析的统计方法对因素进行确认,包括通过CBT和GET对疲劳和身体机能的有益影响的活动和体能认知。这些潜在中介因素几乎全部在受试者收治中途测量。

根据Chalder教授的说法,“尽管PACE试验结果表明CBT和GET为大多数CFS患者提供了安全且有效的治疗,但试验中的改善情况并不明显。通过对某些患者在治疗中获益机制的认定,我们希望这将允许治疗取得进一步的发展、提高或乐观。”

纵览左右中介因素分析,研究者发现恐惧回避思想减少(对运动或活动的恐惧可使症状恶化,是对CFS患者的共识)最为明显,占CBT和GET结果的60%。GET的改善比CBT更加显著,运动耐受改善是GET特有的现象。在疲劳和机体功能影响的其他因素分析(包括活动避免)较为弱化。

根据Chalder教授的观点,“我们的结果表明,恐惧思想可被直接改变(比如CBT),或者被简单改变(GET)。临床上,结果表明CBT治疗可促进更多机能活动(诸如行走),这可强化CBT作用,易于患者接受。

本研究的共同作者之一、来自英国伦敦大学玛丽皇家学院的Peter White教授补充道,“CBT和GET对CFS的作用应牢记于心,这一点很重要。”

在相关评论中,来自荷兰内梅亨大学医学中心的Hans Knoop 和 Jan Wiborg博士写到,“Chalder和他的同事们总结到,未来的研究将聚焦在改善自我效能感、提高机能活动度上。因为它们与结果有密切关联。通过增加机能活动,相对于潜在的改善结果,我们趋向于得出了一个不同的结论。未来的研究将聚焦快速起效和有效性方面。”

原始出处:

Trudie Chalder, Kimberley A Goldsmith, Peter D White, Michael Sharpe,Andrew R Pickles.Rehabilitative therapies for chronic fatigue syndrome: a secondary mediation analysis of the PACE trial.Lancet Psychiatry 13 January 2015

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    2015-02-04 howi
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    2015-01-17 tamgche
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