Neurology:联合抗逆转录病毒治疗对初治 HIV 患者认知功能和神经影像学指标的纵向影响 

2022-08-20 Naomi MedSci原创

虽然联合抗逆转录病毒疗法(cART)显著延长了 HIV 感染者(PWH)的预期寿命,但近50% 的 HIV 相关神经认知障碍(HAND)1。这可能是由于先前不受控制的 HIV 病毒复制,

背景和目的: 虽然联合抗逆转录病毒疗法(cART)显著延长了 HIV 感染者(PWH)的预期寿命,但近50% 的 HIV 相关神经认知障碍(HAND)1。这可能是由于先前不受控制的 HIV 病毒复制,由残余病毒复制2维持的免疫激活或来自其他来源的激活3,4或 cART 相关的神经毒性5。近日,一项发表在Neurology上的研究试图确定 cART 在开始 cART 之前和之后对 HIV (PWH)患者的认知和神经影像学生物标志物的影响,与 HIV 阴性对照(HC)和 HIV 精英控制者(EC)相比,仍然未经治疗。

研究招募了来自罗彻斯特大学、麦戈文医学院和纽约州立大学上州医科大学的三组参与者: 1)初次接受 ART 治疗的 PWH; 2)年龄匹配的 HC; 和3) EC。参与者分别在基线、一年和两年接受脑部 MRI 和临床及神经心理学评估。PWH 也在开始 cART 后12周进行评估。计算皮层和皮层下区域的体积分析和分形维数(FD)。混合效应回归分析了组和影像变量对认知的影响。

  • 研究共招收了47名 PWH,58名 HC 和10名 EC。在基线时,PWH 的认知能力较差,皮质容积较 HC 低。
  • 认知在 cART 开始后得到改善,并且随着时间的推移保持稳定。皮层厚度越大,基线时的认知能力越强; 顶叶、颞叶和枕叶的 FD 越大,基线和纵向的认知能力越强。
  • 与 PWH 和 HC 相比,在基线时,EC 的认知功能较差,四个叶和尾状核的皮质厚度较低,FD 较低。
  • 皮层厚度更大, 额叶、颞叶和枕叶的海马体积和 FD 与纵向认知能力有关。

PWH 患者 cART 的启动与大脑结构和认知能力的改善有关。然而,与 HC 相比,随着时间的推移,仍然存在显著差异。欧共体的类似趋势表明,结果是由于艾滋病毒感染,而不是治疗。认知和 FD 之间更强的相关性表明,这种成像指标可能比皮质厚度和体积指标更能敏感地反映神经元损伤。

文献来源:

Weber MT, Finkelstein A, Uddin MN, et al. Longitudinal Effects of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy on Cognition and Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Treatment-Naïve People with HIV [published online ahead of print, 2022 Jun 22]. Neurology. 2022;10.1212/WNL.0000000000200829. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000200829

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    2023-08-05 mjldent
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    2022-12-24 yinhl1978
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    2022-09-14 hxj0117
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    2022-08-20 xulv123

    认真学习~~

    0

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